Tout le site ▾
Tout le site ▾
Partitions GRATUITES
Partitions LIVRES
Partitions NUMÉRIQUES
MATERIEL de Musique
Mon compte
(connectez-vous)
€
€
EUR €
USD $
GBP £
CAD $
CNY ¥
English
Partitions Gratuites ▾
▽ INSTRUMENTS
ACCORDEON
ALTO
AUTRES INSTRU…
BALALAIKA
BANJO
BASSE
BASSON
BATTERIE
BOUZOUKI
BUGLE
CHANT - CHORA…
CHARANGO
CITHARE
CLARINETTE
CLAVECIN
CLOCHES
CONTREBASSE
COR
COR ANGLAIS
CORNET
DOBRO - GUIT.…
DULCIMER
EUPHONIUM
FANFARE - BAN…
FLUTE
FLUTE A BEC
FLUTE DE PAN
GUITARE
HARMONICA
HARPE
HAUTBOIS
LIVRES
LUTH, THEORBE
MANDOLINE
MARIMBA
ORCHESTRE
ORGUE
PARTITIONS VI…
PERCUSSION
PIANO
SAXOPHONE
TROMBONE
TROMPETTE
TUBA
UKULELE
VIBRAPHONE
VIOLE DE GAMB…
VIOLON
VIOLONCELLE
XYLOPHONE
|
NOUVEAUTÉS
|
GENRES
|
20eme siecle
Bluegrass
Baroque
Blues
Celtique
Celebrations
Classique
Classique contemporain
Contemporain
Hymnes Nationaux
Jazz
New age
Opera
Ragtime
Renaissance
Romantique
Sonate
Tango
Traditionnel
Valse
Afro-americain
Ballade
Chant Occitan
Chanson
Chinois
Ethnique
Klezmer
Flamenco
Folk
Japonais
March
Medieval
Musette
Orientale
Pasodoble
Populaire Francais
Populaire Danse
Reggae
Swing
World / Bresil
World / Latino
APPRENTISSAGE:
Dictionnaires
Enfants
Etudes
Methodes
Musicologie
Partitions vierges
Theorie de la musique
Solfeges
Solfege rythmique
RELIGIEUX:
Chants Gregoriens
Christian
Eglise/Religion
Gospel
Hassidique
Israeli
Hymnes Africains
Mariage
Noël
DIFFICULTÉ
|
Débutant
Facile
Intermédiaire
Intermédiaire/avancé
Avancé
TOP
|
TOP TELECHARGEMENTS
TOP 100 CLASSEMENT SOCIAL
COMPOSITEURS
|
Compositeurs membres
Compositeurs historiques
Tous les compositeurs
INSTRUMENTATIONS
|
SOLO
DUO
TRIO
QUATUOR
QUINTET
ENSEMBLE
TOUS
R. AVANCÉES
|
Partitions Numériques
ACCUEIL
|
NOUVEAUTÉS
|
PIANO
|
Partitions Piano
Piano seul
Piano, Voix, Guitare
Piano duo
Piano facile
Méthodes Piano
Méthodes
Etudes
Partitions Orgue
Orgue seul
Orgue duo
INSTRUMENTAL
|
Cordes
Violon
Alto
Violoncelle
Contrebasse
Harpe
Vents
Flute
Clarinette
Hautbois
Saxophone
Basson
Cuivre
Trompette
Cor
Trombone
Tuba
Guitare
Guitare Tablatures
Piano, Voix, Guitare
Basse
Folk
Accordéon
Banjo
Dulcimer
Ukulélé
Mandoline
Chambre
Quatuor à cordes
Quintet à vent
Quintet de cuivres
Cloches
ORCHESTRE
|
Orchestre d'Harmonie
Ensemble Jazz
Jazz combo
Ensemble de Cuivres
Fanfare
Methodes
Orchestre
Orchestre à cordes
Orchestre de chambre
Ensemble de percussions
CHORALE / VOIX
|
Chorale
SATB
TTBB
SSAA
3 parties
2 parties
Voix
Piano, Voix, Guitare
Piano, Voix
Voix seule
Voix duo
GENRES
|
20eme siecle
Asie
Bluegrass
Blues
Celtique
Chanson Francaise
Classique
Comédie Musicale
Country
Enfant
Film / TV
Film Walt Disney
Fingerpicking
Flamenco
Folk Rock
Funk
Gospel
Halloween
Jazz
Jeux Video
Klezmer
Latin / World
Latin Pop
Mariage / Amour
Medieval / Renaissance
Metal
Méthodes
Méthodes - Etudes
New Age
Noël
Patriotique
Pop
Reggae
Religion / Eglise
Rock
Rock Alt.
Soul / Rap
Tango
Traditionnel
DIFFICULTÉ
|
Débutant
Facile
Intermédiaire
Intermédiaire/avancé
Avancé
NOËL
|
Librairie Musicale ▾
TOP VENTES
|
NOUVEAUTÉS
|
PIANO
|
Tout Piano
Piano Débutant
Piano Facile
Piano Seul
PVG
Meilleures Ventes
Nouveautes
GUITARE
|
Tout Guitare
Guitare Débutant
Guitare Facile
Guitare avec TABLATURE
Guitare avec SOLFEGE
Meilleures Ventes
Nouveautes
VOIX/CHORALE
|
Tout Chorale & Voix
Voix seule
Chorale 2 Parties
Chorale 3 Parties
Chorale SATB
Chorale TTBB
Chorale SSAA
Chorale UNISON
Meilleures Ventes
Nouveautes
INSTRUMENTS
|
CLAVIERS
ACCORDEON
CLAVECIN
ORGUE
PIANO
GUITARES
GUITARE
BANJO
BASSE
DOBRO
UKULELE
VOIX
CHANT - CHORALE
CORDES
ALTO
CONTREBASSE
HARPE
VIOLE DE GAMBE
VIOLON
VIOLONCELLE
VENT
BASSON
CLARINETTE
COR ANGLAIS
FLUTE
FLUTE A BEC
FLUTE DE PAN
HARMONICA
HAUTBOIS
SAXOPHONE
ENSEMBLE
ORCHESTRE
FANFARE - BANDA
CUIVRES
BUGLE
COR
CORNET
EUPHONIUM
TROMBONE
TROMPETTE
TUBA
FOLK
BALALAIKA
BOUZOUKI
CHARANGO
CITHARE
DULCIMER
LUTH, THEORBE
MANDOLINE
PERCUSSIONS
BATTERIE
CLOCHES
MARIMBA
PERCUSSION
VIBRAPHONE
XYLOPHONE
AUTRES
AUTRES INSTRU…
FORMATION MUSICALE
LIVRES
PARTITIONS VIERGES
INSTRUMENTATIONS
|
GENRES
|
20eme siecle
Africain
Asie
Bluegrass
Blues
Celtique
Chanson Francaise
Classique
Comédie Musicale
Country
Enfant
Europe de l'Est
Examen
Film / TV
Film Walt Disney
Fingerpicking
Flamenco
Folk Rock
Funk
Gospel
Halloween
Jazz
Jazz Manouche
Jeux Video
Klezmer
Latin / World
Latin Pop
Mariage / Amour
Medieval / Renaissance
Metal
Méthodes
Méthodes - Etudes
New Age
Noël
Patriotique
Pop
Reggae
Religion / Eglise
Rock
Rock Alt.
Soul / Rap
Tango
Traditionnel
SECTIONS
|
ARTISTES
EDITEURS
FORMATION MUSICALE
IDEES CADEAUX
LIVRES SUR LA MUSIQUE
PLAY-ALONG
R. AVANCÉE
Matériel de Musique ▾
STUDIO
|
SONO
|
ACCESSOIRES
|
ACCESSOIRES
|
CABLE
|
EFFET
|
FLIGHT
|
LOGICIEL
|
VIDEO
LUMIERE
|
DEEJAY
|
MICROPHONE
|
MARQUES
|
GUITARE
|
CLAVIER
|
PERCUSSION
|
VENT
|
NOËL
|
CORDES/TRAD.
--INSTRUMENTS--
ACCORDEON
ALTO
AUTOHARPE
BANJO
BASSE
BASSON
BATTERIE
BOUZOUKI
CHORALE - CHAN…
CITHARE
CLAIRON
CLARINETTE
CLAVECIN
CLOCHES
COR
COR ANGLAIS
CORNEMUSE
CORNET
DEEJAY
DIDGERIDOO
DULCIMER
EUPHONIUM
FANFARE - BAND…
FLUTE A BEC
FLUTE DE PAN
FLUTE TRAVERSI…
FORMATION MUSI…
GUITARE
GUITARE LAP ST…
HARMONICA
HARPE
HAUTBOIS
LIVRES
LUTH
MANDOLINE
MARIMBA
OCARINA
ORCHESTRE
ORGUE
PERCUSSION
PIANO
SAXOPHONE
SYNTHETISEUR
TROMBONE
TROMPETTE
TUBA
UKULELE
VIBRAPHONE
VIOLON
VIOLONCELLE
XYLOPHONE
Course of Empire
Non classifié
2
Piano & claviers
Guitares
Voix
Vents
Quintette à Vent: flûte, Hautbois, basson, clarinette, Cor
1
Flûte, Clarinette (duo)
1
Clarinette, Basson (duo)
1
Cuivres
Cordes
Percussions & orchestre
Orchestre
1
Autres
Imprimer aprés achat
Accueil
Meilleures Ventes
Nouveautés
Vendeurs
Vendeurs
Européens
Chez Tomplay
Chez Quickpartitions
Chez Noviscore
Chez Profs-edition
Chez Note4piano
Américains
Chez Musicnotes
Chez Sheetmusicplus
Chez Virtualsheetmusic
Artistes Internationaux
Artistes Francophones
Top artistes
Top artistes
POP
Adele
Billie Eilish
Ed Sheeran
BTS
Coldplay
Pharrel Williams
Daft Punk
Avicii
Bruno Mars
Lily Allen
Birdy
John Legend
Passenger
Beatles
NEW AGE / CONTEMPORAINS :
Ludovico Einaudi
Yiruma
John Williams
Piazzolla
John Rutter
Dmitri Shostakovich
Benjamin Britten
FILMS
Lin-Manuel Miranda
Joe Hisaishi
Ennio Morricone
Yann Tiersen
John Williams
Howard Shore
Hans Zimmer
FRANÇAIS :
Slimane
Calogero
Clara Luciani
Vianney
Kendji Girac
Stromae
William Sheller
Georges Brassens
Claude Nougaro
Serge Gainsbourg
Jean Jacques Goldman
PARTITIONS GRATUITES
188 000+ partitions
BOUTIQUE PARTITIONS
1 500 000+ acheter et livraison
PARTITIONS NUMÉRIQUES
2 000 000+ acheter et imprimer
MATERIEL DE MUSIQUE
Accessoires & Instruments
Partitions Numériques, Accès après l'Achat
Expédition postale
Téléchargement
Tri et filtres :
--INSTRUMENTS--
ACCORDEON
ALTO
AUTOHARPE
BANJO
BASSE
BASSON
BATTERIE
BOUZOUKI
CHORALE - CHAN…
CITHARE
CLAIRON
CLARINETTE
CLAVECIN
CLOCHES
COR
COR ANGLAIS
CORNEMUSE
CORNET
DEEJAY
DIDGERIDOO
DULCIMER
EUPHONIUM
FANFARE - BAND…
FLUTE A BEC
FLUTE DE PAN
FLUTE TRAVERSI…
FORMATION MUSI…
GUITARE
GUITARE LAP ST…
HARMONICA
HARPE
HAUTBOIS
LIVRES
LUTH
MANDOLINE
MARIMBA
OCARINA
ORCHESTRE
ORGUE
PERCUSSION
PIANO
SAXOPHONE
SYNTHETISEUR
TROMBONE
TROMPETTE
TUBA
UKULELE
VIBRAPHONE
VIOLON
VIOLONCELLE
XYLOPHONE
style (tous)
AFRICAIN
AMERICANA
ASIE
BLUEGRASS
BLUES
CELTIQUE - IRISH - S…
CHANSON FRANÇAISE
CHRISTIAN (contempor…
CLASSIQUE - BAROQUE …
COMEDIES MUSICALES -…
CONTEMPORAIN - 20-21…
CONTEMPORAIN - NEW A…
COUNTRY
EGLISE - SACRE
ENFANTS : EVEIL - IN…
FILM - TV
FILM WALT DISNEY
FINGERSTYLE - FINGER…
FLAMENCO
FOLK ROCK
FOLKLORE - TRADITION…
FUNK
GOSPEL - SPIRITUEL -…
HALLOWEEN
JAZZ
JAZZ MANOUCHE - SWIN…
JEUX VIDEOS
KLEZMER - JUIVE
LATIN - BOSSA - WORL…
LATIN POP ROCK
MARIAGE - AMOUR - BA…
MEDIEVAL - RENAISSAN…
METAL - HARD
METHODE : ACCORDS ET…
METHODE : ETUDES
METHODE : TECHNIQUES
NOËL
OLD TIME - EARLY ROC…
OPERA
PATRIOTIQUE
POLKA
POP ROCK - POP MUSIC
POP ROCK - ROCK CLAS…
POP ROCK - ROCK MODE…
PUNK
RAGTIME
REGGAE
SOUL - R&B - HIP HOP…
TANGO
THANKSGIVING
Vendeurs (tous)
Musicnotes
Note4Piano
Noviscore
Profs-edition
Quickpartitions
SheetMusicPlus
Tomplay
Virtualsheetmusic
Pertinence
Meilleures ventes
Prix - au +
Prix + au -
Nouveautes
A-Z
difficulté (tous)
débutant
facile
intermédiaire
avancé
expert
avec audio
avec vidéo
avec play-along
Vous avez sélectionné:
Course of Empire
Partitions à imprimer
6 partitions trouvées
<
1
Course of Empire
Course of Empire
#
Quintette à Vent: flûte, Hautbois, basson, clarinette, Cor
#
AVANCÉ
#
Kyle Vanderburg
#
Course of Empire
#
NoteForge
#
SheetMusicPlus
Woodwind Ensemble,Woodwind Quintet Bassoon,Clarinet,Flute,Horn,Oboe - Level 5 - SKU: A0.1448781 Composed by Kyle Vanderburg. 21st Century,Classical. 58 ...
(+)
Woodwind Ensemble,Woodwind Quintet Bassoon,Clarinet,Flute,Horn,Oboe - Level 5 - SKU: A0.1448781 Composed by Kyle Vanderburg. 21st Century,Classical. 58 pages. NoteForge #1028595. Published by NoteForge (A0.1448781). Course of Empire takes its title and theme from a series of paintings by Thomas Cole. Over the course of these five paintings, an imaginary city rises and falls. A large boulder atop a cliff watches the scenes unfold: a wild and untamed landscape in the first painting; an agrarian, peaceful, arcadian state in the second; a decadent celebration in the third; the sack and destruction of the city in the fourth; and the ruins in the last.I tried to work unifying musical motives throughout the quintet. The first movement, The State of Nature, begins with a twelve-tone texture. There is no sense of tonal hierarchy or pitch center. The music is in a state of balance, adhering to a natural system not discernable to the listener. The bassoon introduces the main motive representing the cliff, a pastoral sort of hiccup.The second movement, Daydreams of Arcadia, begins with and develops the cliff motive, and has a more defined tonality. There is more action throughout the movement, as we’re led to the peaceful beginnings of civilization. The Empire motive, a series of syncopated chords, shows up toward the end of the movement: This is the beginning of the end, where our imaginary city makes the change from existing in harmony with nature to conquering it.The third movement, Fulfillment of Empire, begins with a cliff motive that has been added to, almost to the point of unrecognizability. Scenes of empire are shown musically, from a grand parade, to a show of naval forces, to the temple that occupies most of the painting. The Empire theme returns, expanded upon, but somehow sounding a little overextended.The fourth movement, The Fall, alternates between unfriendly chords (and noises) and the Empire motive. Every iteration of the Empire motive gets a little weaker, as the foundations of the civilization are destroyed. The movement ends with a lone flute.Movement five, Redemption, features some scenes that are familiar, but are now in ruins. The movement slips slowly back into the twelve-tone texture from the beginning. The Empire motive, or something like it, makes a brief appearance and passes through the ensemble, starting in the upper voices and sinking into the lower.
$25.00 ≈
22.41€
The Course of Empire - Score Only
The Course of Empire - Score Only
#
Orchestre
#
AVANCÉ
#
Jonathan Worsley
#
The Course of Empire - Score O
#
Jonathan Worsley
#
SheetMusicPlus
Full Orchestra - Level 5 - SKU: A0.1044405 Composed by Jonathan Worsley. Classical,Contemporary,Rock. Score and parts. 81 pages. Jonathan Worsley #64913...
(+)
Full Orchestra - Level 5 - SKU: A0.1044405 Composed by Jonathan Worsley. Classical,Contemporary,Rock. Score and parts. 81 pages. Jonathan Worsley #649139. Published by Jonathan Worsley (A0.1044405). Orchestra: 3(1.2/afl/asax.3/pic).3(1.2.3/ca).3(1.2.3/bcl).3.(1.2.cbsn) | 4.3.3(1.2.btbn).1 | T | 4P | 2Hp | Str Rock Band: Piano/Electric Piano | 7-String Electric Guitar 1/Acoustic Guitar 1 | 7-String Electric Guitar 2/Acoustic Guitar 2 | 5-String Bass Guitar | Drum Set Additional Sound Effects Playback (optionally controlled by Percussion 4) and optional out-board effects. A symphonic progressive-rock album in five movements, fully scored for live orchestra and rock band. Based on Thomas Cole's painting cycle The Course of Empire. Score available as archived study-score. Parts are under revision (indefinitely).
$15.00 ≈
13.44€
Colonel Bogey March for Classical Brass & Brass Band Quintet with Percussion
Colonel Bogey March for Classical Brass & Brass Band Quintet with Percussion
#
Kenneth J
#
Keith Terrett
#
Brass Band Quintet
#
Colonel Bogey March for Classi
#
Keith Terrett
#
SheetMusicPlus
Brass Quintet Baritone Horn TC,Cornet,Euphonium,Flugelhorn,Trombone,Trumpet,Tuba - Level 3 - SKU: A0.1385762 Composed by Kenneth J. Alford. Arranged by ...
(+)
Brass Quintet Baritone Horn TC,Cornet,Euphonium,Flugelhorn,Trombone,Trumpet,Tuba - Level 3 - SKU: A0.1385762 Composed by Kenneth J. Alford. Arranged by Keith Terrett. 20th Century,Film/TV,Instructional,Standards,Traditional. 48 pages. Keith Terrett #969699. Published by Keith Terrett (A0.1385762). Colonel Bogey transcribed for Brass & Brass Band Quintet.The Colonel Bogey March is a British march that was composed in 1914 by Lieutenant F. J. Ricketts (1881–1945) (pen name Kenneth J. Alford), a British Army bandmaster who later became the director of music for the Royal Marines at Plymouth. The march is often whistled. Featuring in films since it first appeared in The Lady Vanishes in 1938, Empire magazine included the tune in its list of 25 of Cinema's Catchiest Earworms.Since service personnel were, at that time, not encouraged to have professional lives outside the armed forces, British Army bandmaster F. J. Ricketts published Colonel Bogey and his other compositions under the pseudonym Kenneth J. Alford in 1914. One supposition is that the tune was inspired by a British military officer who preferred to whistle a descending minor third rather than shout Fore! when playing golf. It is this descending interval that begins each line of the melody. The name Colonel Bogey began in the late 19th century as an imaginary standard opponent in assessing a player's performance, and by Edwardian times the Colonel had been adopted by the golfing world as the presiding spirit of the course. Edwardian golfers on both sides of the Atlantic often played matches against Colonel Bogey. Bogey is now a golfing term meaning one over par.
$12.99 ≈
11.64€
Ottinger Reiter Marsch (Clarinet and Bassoon Duet)
Ottinger Reiter Marsch (Clarinet and Bassoon Duet)
#
Clarinette, Basson (duo)
#
INTERMÉDIAIRE
#
J Strauss II
#
Catriona Melville-Mason
#
Ottinger Reiter Marsch
#
C Melville-Mason
#
SheetMusicPlus
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Clarinet,Instrumental Duet - Level 3 - SKU: A0.956612 Composed by J Strauss II. Arranged by Catriona Melville-Mason. Concert,R...
(+)
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Clarinet,Instrumental Duet - Level 3 - SKU: A0.956612 Composed by J Strauss II. Arranged by Catriona Melville-Mason. Concert,Romantic Period,Standards. Score and parts. 7 pages. C Melville-Mason #6477751. Published by C Melville-Mason (A0.956612). In his lifetime, Austrian composer Johann Strauss II (1825 – 1899) was dubbed ‘The Waltz King’, reflecting his prolific output of this type of dance music. He also composed polkas, quadrilles, marches, operettas and a ballet. During the 1848 upheavals in the Austrian Empire, Johann II opted to side with the revolutionaries. This allegiance had an adverse effect on his career, as well as deepening the rift between him and his father, so in due course Johann wrote several marches with titles that might encourage the establishment to forget his past pro-revolutionary sympathies. The Ottinger Reiter-Marsch was first published in 1850. Strauss claimed that the work had been commissioned for a regiment who specifically requested the dedication to General Franz von Ottinger. At the time, Ottinger was not very popular, largely because of his punitive attitude towards former revolutionaries.This arrangement for mixed woodwind duo of B-flat clarinet and bassoon is suitable for players of ABRSM Grade 4 - 5 standard and above.
$4.50 ≈
4.03€
Ottinger Reiter-Marsch (Flute & Clarinet Duet)
Ottinger Reiter-Marsch (Flute & Clarinet Duet)
#
Flûte, Clarinette (duo)
#
INTERMÉDIAIRE
#
J Strauss II
#
Catriona Melville-Mason
#
Ottinger Reiter-Marsch
#
C Melville-Mason
#
SheetMusicPlus
Instrumental Duet Clarinet,Flute,Instrumental Duet - Level 3 - SKU: A0.956621 Composed by J Strauss II. Arranged by Catriona Melville-Mason. Concert,Rom...
(+)
Instrumental Duet Clarinet,Flute,Instrumental Duet - Level 3 - SKU: A0.956621 Composed by J Strauss II. Arranged by Catriona Melville-Mason. Concert,Romantic Period,Standards. Score and parts. 7 pages. C Melville-Mason #6481195. Published by C Melville-Mason (A0.956621). An intermediate-level arrangement of a Strauss march, for mixed woodwind duet of flute and clarinet in B-flat.In his lifetime, Austrian composer Johann Strauss II (1825 – 1899) was dubbed ‘The Waltz King’, reflecting his prolific output of this type of dance music. He also composed polkas, quadrilles, marches, operettas and a ballet. During the 1848 upheavals in the Austrian Empire, Johann II opted to side with the revolutionaries. This allegiance had an adverse effect on his career, as well as deepening the rift between him and his father, so in due course Johann wrote several marches with titles that might encourage the establishment to forget his past pro-revolutionary sympathies. The Ottinger Reiter-Marsch was first published in 1850. Strauss claimed that the work had been commissioned for a regiment who specifically requested the dedication to General Franz von Ottinger. At the time, Ottinger was not very popular, largely because of his punitive attitude towards former revolutionaries.
$4.50 ≈
4.03€
Ottinger Reiter-Marsch - Oboe (Flute) and Bassoon Duet
Ottinger Reiter-Marsch - Oboe (Flute) and Bassoon Duet
#
J Strauss II
#
Catriona Melville-Mason
#
Ottinger Reiter-Marsch - Oboe
#
C Melville-Mason
#
SheetMusicPlus
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Flute,Instrumental Duet,Oboe - Level 3 - SKU: A0.956627 Composed by J Strauss II. Arranged by Catriona Melville-Mason. Concert...
(+)
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Flute,Instrumental Duet,Oboe - Level 3 - SKU: A0.956627 Composed by J Strauss II. Arranged by Catriona Melville-Mason. Concert,Romantic Period,Standards. Score and parts. 7 pages. C Melville-Mason #6487635. Published by C Melville-Mason (A0.956627). This arrangement of a Strauss march is intended for double reed duo of oboe and bassoon, but the upper part is also playable by flute.In his lifetime, Austrian composer Johann Strauss II (1825 – 1899) was dubbed ‘The Waltz King’, reflecting his prolific output of this type of dance music. He also composed polkas, quadrilles, marches, operettas and a ballet. During the 1848 upheavals in the Austrian Empire, Johann II opted to side with the revolutionaries. This allegiance had an adverse effect on his career, as well as deepening the rift between him and his father, so in due course Johann wrote several marches with titles that might encourage the establishment to forget his past pro-revolutionary sympathies. The Ottinger Reiter-Marsch was first published in 1850. Strauss claimed that the work had been commissioned for a regiment who specifically requested the dedication to General Franz von Ottinger. At the time, Ottinger was not very popular, largely because of his punitive attitude towards former revolutionaries.
$4.50 ≈
4.03€
<
1