Cadenza No. 2

Arrangeur: Cho-Liang Lin. Over the wonderfully enjoyably years of conducting, there have been so many fine encounters with the Mozart Violin Concertos - mostly with very gifted players like Menuhin, Oistrakh, Stern and, more recently, Cho-Liang (Jimmy) Lin. There have, however, been instances (only a few, I'm pleased to say) when I've come, in the performances, to dread the onslaught of those cadenzas, which sound like a send up of Paganini, or belong to the wrong century with a plethora of double-stopping lasting too long, venturing into tonalities Mozart would not have recognized. After several performances with Jimmy came a request from him for suitable cadenzas that showed off the solo violin while commenting on Mozart's music he had just played. They worked, and Sony asked us to record them all and, with the welcome inclusion of Jaime Laredo, all the rest of Mozart's violin and orchestra repertoire. This led to in an invitation from Schott to have the cadenzas published, and this is the result. / Classique / Recueil / Violon

to the violin concerto by Gyorgy Ligeti. Par ADES THOMAS. In a conversation with the violinist Peter Herresthal, we touched on the “invitation” in the score of Ligeti’s Violin concerto to provide a cadenza for the work. Peter suggested that I answer this invitation and I was happy to accept. I followed all the composer’s directions exactly: the cadenza may use material from all five movements, and should be of “hectic” character throughout. I also aimed to write a cadenza of which the closing orchestral coda would be an inevitable result. (Thomas Adès) The cadenza can also be composed by the soloist and can last up to 1-2 minutes. It should be hectic throughout (continuation of the appassionata agitato molto), but can incorporate melodic material ad lib. from all five movements. Towards the end, the tempo should be prestissimo with alternating arco and left hand pizz. in mad virtuosity. The cadenza has no real end and is suddenly interrupted by the orchestra at R (as agreed between soloist and conductor). This interruption occurs suddenly 'as if unprepared'. The soloist should at this point be playing in high positions (on the top string) at maximum velocity. The solo violin abruptly falls silent on the entry of the high woodblock. György Ligeti/ Répertoire / Violon

(Memorial for the Columbia Astronauts). Par EOTVOS PETER. Eötvös wrote this piece in memory of the seven astronauts who lost their lives in the Space Shuttle Columbia tragedy in 2003. The number 7 determines the musical, rhythmic and formal structure of the work: 49 musicians are divided into seven groups, and as well as the solo violin there are six further violins arranged correspondingly around the hall; and the solo violin itself portrays each of the astronauts and their different origin, from America via Israel to India, in folkloristically tinged cadenzas. 'The violin concerto Seven is a very personal monologue and the musical expression of my sympathy towards the seven astronauts who lost their lives while exploring space in fulfilment of a fundamental dream of mankind.' (Peter Eötvös)/ Répertoire / Violon et Piano

Par MANTOVANI BRUNO. Par sa nature conflictuelle et son caractère souvent virtuose, le genre du concerto m'a toujours fasciné. Après avoir écrit des oeuvres assez traditionnelles où un soliste s'opposait à une masse orchestrale, j'ai tenté d'imprimer une marque plus personnelle soit en démultipliant l'instrument mis à l'honneur (concertos pour deux altos ou pour deux pianos), soit en inversant les valeurs entre un soliste jouant dans un registre raréfié alors que l'orchestre est volubile. Il m'est aussi arrivé de considérer les instruments accompagnateurs comme un prolongement du héros virtuose, dans une logique inspirée des traitements électroacoustiques. M'est alors venue l'idée de composer comme j'aurais pu le faire dans un studio, la méthode étant d'écrire une cadence pour instrument seul et de 'l'orchestrer' a posteriori, comme si j'ajoutais filtres, réverbérations ou échos. Après un premier opus consacré à la percussion et destiné à Gilles Durot et à l'ensemble Intercontemporain dirigé à sa création le 25 avril 2018 par Peter Eötvös, Cadenza no2 est un solo pour accordéon prolongé par 16 instruments. On y retrouve des formules instrumentales que j'affectionne particulièrement : des harmonies se dévoilant progressivement au début, des effets 'stéréophoniques' entre les deux claviers, des continuos rapides, des accords obstinés et des jeux rythmiques où des périodicités différentes sont assignées chacune à une note en particulier. Alors que le solo était défini, j'ai orchestré la matière en prolongeant l'instrument initial, soit par un système de doublures, soit par des commentaires, soit par des phénomènes d'écho. Commande d'Etat, Cadenza no2 est dédiée à ses créateurs : Pascal Contet et Daniel Kawka. / Contemporain / Répertoire / Accordéon et Ensemble

to the concerto for piano and orchestra in G Major Hob. XVIII:4. Par HAYDN FRANZ JOSEF. Improvised and also composed solo cadenzas, normally occuring towards the end of a bravura aria or an instrumental concerto movement, have existed since the late 16th century. They provide the performer with an opportunity for self-presentation in the form of a free style of playing or singing, based on themes and motifs from previous sections of the movement. Solo cadenzas are for the most part introduced by a six-four chord held by the orchestra; the soloist begins a protracting interpolation in free stlye, subsequently culminating on the dominant chord, usually with a trill. Whereas originally composers left solo cadenzas to be freely improvised, from the middle of the 19th century onwards they were frequently specifically written out. The increasing abuse of cadenzas as a mere display of free virtuosity, ignoring the style and impetus of the composition, played a substantial factor in this development. Thus Beethoven gives the soloist no opportunity whatsoever for free improvisation in his 5th piano concerto in which the cadenza becomes an integral, obligatory component of the complete work. In this unique series Schott Music presents cadenzas created for well-known instrumental concertos from the Classical and Romantic periods by major composers and soloists of our time. Nino Rota dedicated the 'Kadenzen zum Klavierkonzert Nr. 4 in G-Dur (Cadenzas of the Concerto No. 4 for Piano and Orchestra in G major) Hob. XVIII:4' by Joseph Haydn to Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli (1920-1995), who recorded them for the label EMI./ Répertoire / Piano

Technique and musical expression. Par HOELTZEL MICHAEL. The well-known standard for all questions concerning the technique and playing of the horn - now in English translation. The work is relevant to professionals as well as students. Apart from issues of daily practice and playing, it also deals with topics that haven't been covered within horn literature until recently: playing the high F-horn or the Wagner-tuba, the arrangement of the cadenza in the solo concertos (including cadenzas of all established concertos), personal management as a performer, and other subjects. The German edition has received the German award 'Best Edition' 2000./ Etude / Cor

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's (1756-1791) Flute Concerto in D is an adaptation of the original Oboe Concerto in C which the composer reworked in 1778. The Concerto remains widely studied and performed on both instruments making it one of the more important Concerti in the woodwind repertoire. Concerto in D is in three movements; 1. Allegro aperto 2. Adagio non troppo and 3. Rondo: Allegretto. The first and last movements are in the tonic key whilst the second movement is in the subdominant key of G major. All three movements contain a cadenza which initially would have been left forthe performer to improvise. However cadenzas have since been written including those of Johannes Donjon (1839-1912). Donjon was a prominent flautist of his time and his understanding of Mozart's Flute Concerto in D is second to none making his cadenzas well-informed and essential to performers of the concerto.

Par MANTOVANI BRUNO. Par sa nature conflictuelle et son caractère souvent virtuose, le genre du concerto m'a toujours fasciné. Après avoir écrit des oeuvres assez traditionnelles où un soliste s'opposait à une masse orchestrale, j'ai tenté d'imprimer une marque plus personnelle soit en démultipliant l'instrument mis à l'honneur (concertos pour deux altos ou pour deux pianos), soit en inversant les valeurs entre un soliste jouant dans un registre raréfié alors que l'orchestre est volubile. Il m'est aussi arrivé de considérer les instruments accompagnateurs comme un prolongement du héros virtuose, dans une logique inspirée des traitements électroacoustiques. M'est alors venue l'idée de composer comme j'aurais pu le faire dans un studio, la méthode étant d'écrire une cadence pour instrument seul et de 'l'orchestrer' a posteriori, comme si j'ajoutais filtres, réverbérations ou échos. Cadenza no1 est donc un solo pour percussions éclaté dans l'espace avec trois lieux bien identifiés : un set d'instruments résonnants, un autre comprenant des peaux et un marimba isolé derrière l'ensemble ou plutôt les deux ensembles qui se font face dans une logique stéréophonique. L'espace sonore évolutif est le marqueur principal de la forme. L'ensemble réagit à la percussion soit en la prolongeant (par des tenues déclenchées par le soliste), soit en la démultipliant (par les deux percussionnistes tuttistes), soit dans une logique de relais. Gilles Durot et Péter Eötvös, les deux créateurs, sont les dédicataires de cette pièce ainsi que Vincent Meyer, mécène de la commande. / Contemporain / Répertoire / Percussions et Ensemble

Third Movement - Piano Concerto In D Minor K.466-The Cadenza from the third Movement of Mozart's popular Piano Concerto In D Minor K.466 as re-written by Andre Previn.