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459 sheet music found Handel: Largo from Xerxes for Bassoon & Piano
Handel: Largo from Xerxes for Bassoon & Piano # 2 Bassoons (duet) # INTERMEDIATE # Classical # George Frideric Handel # James M # Handel: Largo from Xerxes for # jmsgu3 # SheetMusicPlus
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Instrumental Duet - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.549381 Composed by George Frideric Handel. Arranged by James M. Guthrie,...(+)
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Instrumental Duet - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.549381 Composed by George Frideric Handel. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Baroque,Sacred,Standards,Wedding. Score and parts. 9 pages. Jmsgu3 #3492259. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.549381). Duration: 4:55, Score: 6 pages, Solo part: 1 page, piano part: 2 pages. A very famous aria (Ombra mai fu) from XerxesSuitable for any venue requiring meditative music. Excellent choice for a recital encore. Xerxes Xerxes is, in fact, an opera seria in three acts by Handel. Moreover, Handel conducted the premiere performance in London in 1738. Handel casts the opera in Persia in 470 BC. The part of Xerxes was indeed originally sung by a soprano castrato. Nowadays, the part is generally sung by a mezzo-soprano or conversely a counter-tenor. In the first place, Xerxes sings an opening aria, Ombra mai fu to a plane tree. Handel sets this aria to one of his most truly famous melodies. Although many refer to it traditionally as Handel’s Largo, Handel has, on the contrary, clearly marked Larghetto in the score. Handel Background George Frideric Handel (1685 - 1759) was born in Germany but eventually became a British citizen. Nonetheless, he was a famous Baroque composer. In fact, he became famous for his operas, oratorios, anthems, and organ concertos. Handel studied music and, by and large, worked as a composer in Germany and Italy before moving to London. On the whole, Handel was very familiar with the contemporary music of Italy and Germany. Career in England It is essential to realize that Italian opera was all the rage in England at the time. Moreover, Handel was really good at writing them. Therefore, he started not one but three opera companies in England. Alexander's Feast was a huge success in 1736, but Handel began composing English choral works. After success with the Messiah in 1742) he certainly never again wrote an Italian opera. Consequently, he died in 1759, a treasured genius. Accordingly, the English government gave him full state honors at his funeral. Hence, he is buried in Westminster Abbey in London. Legacy Music historians agree that Handel was in general one of the greatest composers of the Baroque era.  To demonstrate, his works such as the Messiah, Water Music, and Music for the Royal Fireworks remain consistently popular up to the present time. He especially composed the coronation anthem, Zadok the Priest for the coronation of George II. Nevertheless, it has specifically been performed at every succeeding British coronation since. His oratorio Solomon has by all means also continued to be prevalent. As a matter of fact, Sinfonia from act 3 was featured in the 2012 London Olympics opening ceremony. Handel was particularly prolific. To enumerate, he wrote over forty operas.  Since the late 1960s, we have expressly experienced a revival of baroque music. Similarly, we have especially seen a pique of interest in historically informed musical performances. Since his death in 1779, interest in Handel's music has all in all, expanded.  Handel: Largo (from Xerxes) for bassoon and piano
Handel: Largo (from Xerxes) for bassoon and piano # Bassoon, Piano (duet) # INTERMEDIATE # G F Handel # Colin Kirkpatrick # Handel: Largo # Colin Kirkpatrick Publications # SheetMusicPlus
Bassoon,Piano - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1311222 Composed by G F Handel. Arranged by Colin Kirkpatrick. Baroque,Historic,Instructional,Opera. S...(+)
Bassoon,Piano - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1311222 Composed by G F Handel. Arranged by Colin Kirkpatrick. Baroque,Historic,Instructional,Opera. Score and part. 8 pages. Colin Kirkpatrick Publications #900214. Published by Colin Kirkpatrick Publications (A0.1311222). This piece is probably Handel’s best-known melody, although it began life as an operatic aria. The opera was called Xerxes, sometimes written Serses and pronounced something like “ZERT-seesâ€. It was commissioned by The King’s Theatre in London and composed by Handel (who had become naturalized British and lived in London at the time) around 1737 and 1738. The opera is loosely based on the real historical figure King Xerxes, who ruled from around 522-486 BC and was the fourth king of the Achaemenid Empire, a vast region that covered most of the present-day Middle East including modern Turkey.  The melody is often known simply as Handel’s Largo (despite being marked “Larghetto†in the musical score) and is the opening aria in the opera. Known by its opening line Ombra mai fu the aria is sung by Xerxes to a plane tree: “Tender and beautiful fronds of my beloved plane tree, let fate smile upon you...â€Although the melody has survived over the years, the opera itself was a complete failure when it was first performed at the King’s Theatre in London’s Haymarket in 1738. The style of the opera was not appreciated by London opera-goers and it generally received poor reviews. The audience may have been confused by the innovative nature of the work because Handel introduced unexpected comic elements into the plot.This arrangement for bassoon is in E flat major. In the solo part, the lowest note is the B flat on the second line of the bass clef and the highest note is the E flat just above the bass staff. The piano part has been kept as simple as possible. Being so well-known, this piece would make a suitable encore.  Delibes: Duo des Fleurs for Bassoon Duo & Piano
Delibes: Duo des Fleurs for Bassoon Duo & Piano # 2 Bassoons (duet) # INTERMEDIATE # Leo Delibes # James M # Delibes: Duo des Fleurs for Ba # jmsgu3 # SheetMusicPlus
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Instrumental Duet - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.552407 Composed by Leo Delibes (1836-1891). Arranged by James M. Guthrie...(+)
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Instrumental Duet - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.552407 Composed by Leo Delibes (1836-1891). Arranged by James M. Guthrie. Holiday,Romantic Period,Standards,Wedding. Score and parts. 7 pages. Jmsgu3 #6342571. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.552407). Duo of the flowers from Lakme, Act I. A popular wedding selection.Leo Delibes (1836-1891) was a French composer of the Romantic period best known for his ballets and operas. He was a child prodigy and began composing music at the age of seven. He studied at the Paris Conservatoire, where he developed a mastery of the symphonic form and wrote several pieces for the orchestra. His works for the stage are among the most popular and beloved of the Romantic era, including the ballets Coppélia and Sylvia, and the opera Lakmé.Delibes was a pioneer in the use of orchestral color and instrumental effects to enhance the dramatic narrative of his works. His works are often praised for their lyricism, graceful melodies, and colorful orchestrations. His music is considered to be a bridge between the grandiose and romantic works of the French composers before him, such as Gounod and Berlioz, and the more intimate and melodic style of composers like Debussy and Ravel.Delibes’ influence can be heard in the works of later composers such as Stravinsky and Prokofiev, and his music continues to be performed and enjoyed today. His contributions to music history are significant, and his works remain beloved masterpieces of the Romantic era.Léo Delibes' opera Lakmé is an opera in three acts. It was first performed in 1883 at the Théâtre Lyrique in Paris. The libretto was written by Edmond Gondinet and Philippe Gille. The story is set in British-occupied India and tells the story of a young Indian girl, Lakmé, who is in love with a British officer, Gerald. The story follows the couple's romantic journey, as well as the obstacles they face from Lakmé's father and the British military. The opera is best known for its beautiful score, which includes the famous aria The Flower Duet as well as the duet Lakmé! The Bell Song. The opera has been performed in opera houses all over the world and is considered one of Delibes' most popular works.The Duo des Fleurs, composed by French composer Léo Delibes, is a ballet pas de deux from the ballet Lakme, Act I. It is a beloved masterpiece of the Romantic period and is often performed as a standalone piece in many ballet performances. The piece is typically danced by two female ballet dancers and is known for its playful and lighthearted nature. The music consists of a melody that alternates between the two dancers and is often accompanied by a lighthearted waltz. The music has a strong sense of unity and connection between the two dancers, which is enhanced by the use of the same melody. The piece also features a beautiful soaring coda that gives it a sense of grandeur and beauty. The Duo des Fleurs is an exquisite piece of music and an enduring classic of the ballet repertoire. Sullivan: The Lost Chord for Bassoon & Piano
Sullivan: The Lost Chord for Bassoon & Piano # 2 Bassoons (duet) # INTERMEDIATE/ADVANCED # Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan # James M # dynamic control # Sullivan: The Lost Chord for B # jmsgu3 # SheetMusicPlus
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Instrumental Duet - Level 4 - Digital Download SKU: A0.549452 Composed by Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan. Arranged by James M. Gut...(+)
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Instrumental Duet - Level 4 - Digital Download SKU: A0.549452 Composed by Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Instructional,Romantic Period,Sacred,Standards. Score and parts. 15 pages. Jmsgu3 #3497185. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.549452). Score: 10 pages, solo part: 2 pages, piano part: 3 pages. Duration: 4:25. Not difficult, but requires sensitivity & dynamic control. Suitable for recitals, church meditations, or school programs. School Years First of all, Sullivan attended music school at the Royal Academy of Music. Because Sullivan was so talented, the Academy awarded him the Mendelssohn Scholarship for two years in a row. He, therefore, studied with John Goss, who studied with Thomas Atwood, who in turn studied with Mozart. Sullivan similarly studied the piano at the Academy with Arthur O’Leary. Study Abroad During his first year, he also earned money by singing solos in the Chapel Royal. At the end of his second year, the Academy consequently continued his scholarship and sent him to study at the Leipzig Conservatoire. He certainly studied composition, and likewise counterpoint and piano. Hence, during his final year in Leipzig, Sullivan finally completed his graduation composition project: Incidental Music for Shakespeare’s The Tempest. Association with Gilbert It seems like Sullivan built the bulk of his composing career largely in the 1860s. As a result, he became famous for his incidental music for the Tempest and his Irish Symphony. He, therefore, began collaborating with the poet W. S. Gilbert in the 1870s. Rather than focus on serious opera, Gilbert and Sullivan, in contrast, concentrated on comic opera such as H. M. S. Pinafore, the Pirates of Penzance, and the Mikado. Therefore, certainly as a result of his education and experience, Sullivan composed a total of 24 operas, 11 symphonic works, 10 choral pieces. Even more, he wrote a large number of noteworthy hymns such as Onward Christian Soldiers. Lost Chord The general style of his music is maybe similar to Mendelssohn, Schumann, and perhaps Liszt. It seems like Sullivan was fond of writing distinct melodies for each character in his operettas. His melodies combine together as the characters did. Furthermore, he was a master orchestrator, and therefore played the flute, clarinet, trumpet, and trombone fluently. The Lost Chord Sullivan wrote his most noteworthy song the Lost Chord in 1877. As a result, it was a great success and was certainly performed all over the world by a variety of singers such as Enrico Caruso. Because Sullivan was the most famous composer in England, the Lost Chord became the most famous of all British or American songs of the 1870s and 1890s. Consequently, in 1888 Thomas Edison recorded The Lost Chord for the phonograph. It was one of the first songs ever recorded. Furthermore, Queen Victoria knighted Sullivan in 1883.   Turkish March by Beethoven for Bassoon Quartet
Turkish March by Beethoven for Bassoon Quartet # 4 Bassoons # EASY # Classical # Classical # Ludwig van Beethoven # Ander # Turkish March by Beethoven for # Woods Only, Arrangements # SheetMusicPlus
Woodwind Ensemble,Woodwind Quartet Bassoon - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1143529 Composed by Ludwig van Beethoven. Arranged by Ander. Classical,Fo...(+)
Woodwind Ensemble,Woodwind Quartet Bassoon - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1143529 Composed by Ludwig van Beethoven. Arranged by Ander. Classical,Folk,March,Opera,Romantic Period. 10 pages. Woods Only, Arrangements #743845. Published by Woods Only, Arrangements (A0.1143529). This arrangement adapted for bassoon quartet was written keeping the characteristics of the original work, in order to be performed by young music students who want to enter the symphonic music. Besides, it can also be used by professional musicians for recitals, repertoire, academic presentations and didactic material. The transcription remains faithful to the structure, with only one change in tone, so that it is comfortable for all the instruments in the formation, as well as being used as an activity in ensemble practice among musicians of different traditions. Beethoven's Turkish March (Op. 113) is the 4th movement of the operatic work: The Ruins of Athens, a set of incidental pieces written in 1812 by Ludwig van Beethoven, where the melody was originally written in 1809 as Theme with Six Variations for Piano, Op. 76. The work was written to accompany the play of the same name by August von Kotzebue, for the dedication of a new theater in Pest. Perhaps the best known part of the composition is the Marcia alla turca, In Latin America, this movement became known in Jean-Jacques Perrey's version (who titled it The Elephant never Forgets) since it was used as the opening theme of the successful Mexican TV comedy El Chavo del Ocho. The opening and the turkish march are often performed separately, and the other pieces in this set are not often heard. Turkish March by Beethoven for Bassoon Trio
Turkish March by Beethoven for Bassoon Trio # 3 Bassoons # EASY # Classical # Classical # Ludwig van Beethoven # Ander # Turkish March by Beethoven for # Woods Only, Arrangements # SheetMusicPlus
Woodwind Ensemble,Woodwind Trio Bassoon - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1146907 Composed by Ludwig van Beethoven. Arranged by Ander. Classical,Folk,...(+)
Woodwind Ensemble,Woodwind Trio Bassoon - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1146907 Composed by Ludwig van Beethoven. Arranged by Ander. Classical,Folk,March,Opera,Romantic Period. 8 pages. Woods Only, Arrangements #747106. Published by Woods Only, Arrangements (A0.1146907). This arrangement adapted for bassoon trio was written keeping the characteristics of the original work, in order to be performed by young music students who want to enter the symphonic music. Besides, it can also be used by professional musicians for recitals, repertoire, academic presentations and didactic material. The transcription remains faithful to the structure, with only one change in tone, so that it is comfortable for all the instruments in the formation, as well as being used as an activity in ensemble practice among musicians of different traditions. Beethoven's Turkish March (Op. 113) is the 4th movement of the operatic work: The Ruins of Athens, a set of incidental pieces written in 1812 by Ludwig van Beethoven, where the melody was originally written in 1809 as Theme with Six Variations for Piano, Op. 76. The work was written to accompany the play of the same name by August von Kotzebue, for the dedication of a new theater in Pest. Perhaps the best known part of the composition is the Marcia alla turca, In Latin America, this movement became known in Jean-Jacques Perrey's version (who titled it The Elephant never Forgets) since it was used as the opening theme of the successful Mexican TV comedy El Chavo del Ocho. The opening and the turkish march are often performed separately, and the other pieces in this set are not often heard. Turkish March by Beethoven for Bassoon Duet
Turkish March by Beethoven for Bassoon Duet # 2 Bassoons (duet) # EASY # Classical # Classical # Ludwig van Beethoven # Ander # Turkish March by Beethoven for # Woods Only, Arrangements # SheetMusicPlus
Bassoon,Instrumental Duet - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1150434 Composed by Ludwig van Beethoven. Arranged by Ander. Classical,Folk,March,Opera,Ro...(+)
Bassoon,Instrumental Duet - Level 2 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1150434 Composed by Ludwig van Beethoven. Arranged by Ander. Classical,Folk,March,Opera,Romantic Period. 6 pages. Woods Only, Arrangements #750609. Published by Woods Only, Arrangements (A0.1150434). This arrangement adapted for bassoon duo was written keeping the characteristics of the original work, in order to be performed by young music students who want to enter the symphonic music. Besides, it can also be used by professional musicians for recitals, repertoire, academic presentations and didactic material. The transcription remains faithful to the structure, with only one change in tone, so that it is comfortable for all the instruments in the formation, as well as being used as an activity in ensemble practice among musicians of different traditions. Beethoven's Turkish March (Op. 113) is the 4th movement of the operatic work: The Ruins of Athens, a set of incidental pieces written in 1812 by Ludwig van Beethoven, where the melody was originally written in 1809 as Theme with Six Variations for Piano, Op. 76. The work was written to accompany the play of the same name by August von Kotzebue, for the dedication of a new theater in Pest. Perhaps the best known part of the composition is the Marcia alla turca, In Latin America, this movement became known in Jean-Jacques Perrey's version (who titled it The Elephant never Forgets) since it was used as the opening theme of the successful Mexican TV comedy El Chavo del Ocho. The opening and the turkish march are often performed separately, and the other pieces in this set are not often heard. Turkish March by Beethoven for Bassoon Quintet
Turkish March by Beethoven for Bassoon Quintet # 5 Bassoons # INTERMEDIATE # Classical # Classical # Ludwig van Beethoven # Ander # Turkish March by Beethoven for # Woods Only, Arrangements # SheetMusicPlus
Woodwind Ensemble,Woodwind Quintet Bassoon - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1128141 Composed by Ludwig van Beethoven. Arranged by Ander. Classical,Fo...(+)
Woodwind Ensemble,Woodwind Quintet Bassoon - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1128141 Composed by Ludwig van Beethoven. Arranged by Ander. Classical,Folk,March,Opera,Romantic Period. 12 pages. Woods Only, Arrangements #728756. Published by Woods Only, Arrangements (A0.1128141). This arrangement adapted for bassoon quintet was written keeping the characteristics of the original work, in order to be performed by young music students who want to enter the symphonic music. Besides, it can also be used by professional musicians for recitals, repertoire, academic presentations and didactic material. The transcription remains faithful to the structure, with only one change in tone, so that it is comfortable for all the instruments in the formation, as well as being used as an activity in ensemble practice among musicians of different traditions. Beethoven's Turkish March (Op. 113) is the 4th movement of the operatic work: The Ruins of Athens, a set of incidental pieces written in 1812 by Ludwig van Beethoven, where the melody was originally written in 1809 as Theme with Six Variations for Piano, Op. 76. The work was written to accompany the play of the same name by August von Kotzebue, for the dedication of a new theater in Pest. Perhaps the best known part of the composition is the Marcia alla turca, In Latin America, this movement became known in Jean-Jacques Perrey's version (who titled it The Elephant never Forgets) since it was used as the opening theme of the successful Mexican TV comedy El Chavo del Ocho. The opening and the turkish march are often performed separately, and the other pieces in this set are not often heard. Wedding March (Bridal Chorus) - Bassoon Quartet (Individual Parts)
Wedding March (Bridal Chorus) - Bassoon Quartet (Individual Parts) # 4 Bassoons # INTERMEDIATE # Classical # Richard Wagner # César Madeira # Wedding March # Sheet Music To Play Editions # SheetMusicPlus
Woodwind Ensemble,Woodwind Quartet Bassoon - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1283675 Composed by Richard Wagner. Arranged by César Madeira. 19th Ce...(+)
Woodwind Ensemble,Woodwind Quartet Bassoon - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1283675 Composed by Richard Wagner. Arranged by César Madeira. 19th Century,Classical,Opera,Romantic Period,Wedding. 4 pages. Sheet Music To Play Editions #874870. Published by Sheet Music To Play Editions (A0.1283675). Wedding March (Bridal Chorus from Lohengrin) by Wagner. Arrangement for Bassoon Quartet. With Individual Parts. Enjoy it!This file DOES NOT contain Full Score. Individual Parts only.Richard Wagner (1813 – 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas. His major works included The Flying Dutchman, Tannhäuser, Lohengrin, Tristan und Isolde, Parsifal, and his great tetralogy, The Ring of the Nibelung.For Tutorials, Play Alongs or request New Arrangements, visit the YouTube Channel: Sheet Music To Play Nessun Dorma by Puccini - Bassoon and Piano (Full Score)
Nessun Dorma by Puccini - Bassoon and Piano (Full Score) # Bassoon, Piano (duet) # INTERMEDIATE # Opera # Classical # Giacomo Puccini # César Madeira # Nessun Dorma by Puccini - Bass # Sheet Music To Play Editions # SheetMusicPlus
Bassoon,Piano - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1223302 Composed by Giacomo Puccini. Arranged by César Madeira. 19th Century,20th Century,Film/TV,O...(+)
Bassoon,Piano - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1223302 Composed by Giacomo Puccini. Arranged by César Madeira. 19th Century,20th Century,Film/TV,Opera,Romantic Period. Score and part. 4 pages. Sheet Music To Play Editions #819511. Published by Sheet Music To Play Editions (A0.1223302). Nessun Dorma from the Opera Turandot by Giacomo Puccini. Arrangement for Bassoon and Piano. With Full Score. Enjoy it!This file DOES NOT contain Individual Parts. Full Score only.Giacomo Puccini (1858 - 1924) was an Italian composer known primarily for his operas. Regarded as the greatest and most successful proponent of Italian opera after Verdi, he was descended from a long line of composers, stemming to the late-Baroque era. Though his early work was firmly rooted in traditional late-19th-century Romantic Italian opera he later developed his work in the realistic verismo style, of which he became one of the leading exponents. His most renowned works are La bohème (1896), Tosca (1900), Madama Butterfly (1904), and Turandot (1924), all of which are among the most frequently performed and recorded of all operas.For Tutorials, Play Alongs or request New Arrangements, visit the YouTube Channel: Sheet Music To Play Nessun Dorma by Puccini - Bassoon and Piano (Individual Parts)
Nessun Dorma by Puccini - Bassoon and Piano (Individual Parts) # Bassoon, Piano (duet) # INTERMEDIATE # Giacomo Puccini # César Madeira # Nessun Dorma by Puccini - Bass # Sheet Music To Play Editions # SheetMusicPlus
Bassoon,Piano - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1223297 Composed by Giacomo Puccini. Arranged by César Madeira. 19th Century,20th Century,Film/TV,M...(+)
Bassoon,Piano - Level 3 - Digital Download SKU: A0.1223297 Composed by Giacomo Puccini. Arranged by César Madeira. 19th Century,20th Century,Film/TV,Multicultural,Opera,World. Score and part. 4 pages. Sheet Music To Play Editions #819506. Published by Sheet Music To Play Editions (A0.1223297). Nessun Dorma from the Opera Turandot by Giacomo Puccini. Arrangement for Bassoon and Piano. With Individual Parts. Enjoy it!This file DOES NOT contain Full Score. Individual Parts only.Giacomo Puccini (1858 - 1924) was an Italian composer known primarily for his operas. Regarded as the greatest and most successful proponent of Italian opera after Verdi, he was descended from a long line of composers, stemming to the late-Baroque era. Though his early work was firmly rooted in traditional late-19th-century Romantic Italian opera he later developed his work in the realistic verismo style, of which he became one of the leading exponents. His most renowned works are La bohème (1896), Tosca (1900), Madama Butterfly (1904), and Turandot (1924), all of which are among the most frequently performed and recorded of all operas.For Tutorials, Play Alongs or request New Arrangements, visit the YouTube Channel: Sheet Music To Play O Holy Night for Bassoon & Piano
O Holy Night for Bassoon & Piano # Bassoon, Piano (duet) # BEGINNER # Christmas # Adam # James M # O Holy Night for Bassoon & Pia # jmsgu3 # SheetMusicPlus
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Instrumental Duet,Piano - Level 1 - Digital Download SKU: A0.548686 Composed by Adam. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Chri...(+)
Instrumental Duet Bassoon,Instrumental Duet,Piano - Level 1 - Digital Download SKU: A0.548686 Composed by Adam. Arranged by James M. Guthrie, ASCAP. Christian,Christmas. Score and parts. 10 pages. Jmsgu3 #3410489. Published by jmsgu3 (A0.548686). Duration: 4:56. Score 5 pg. 44 ms. Solo part: 2 pg. Piano part: 3 pg.Cantique de Noël The French composer Adolphe Adam was already famous as a composer of many successful ballets and operas. Then, in the 1840’s he wrote his most famous work - O Holy Night. The original song title was Minuit Chretiens or Cantique de Noël. Placide Cappeau provided the original song lyrics. The song was first performed in Roquemaure by the opera singer Emily Laurey at midnight mass in 1847. It became very popular among the French, much the way that Silent Night was famous elsewhere. In the 1850’s John S. Dwight, a Unitarian minister and music teacher translated the song into English. Adolphe Adam In his younger years, Adam studied organ and composition at the Paris Conservatoire. He also played the timpani in the Conservatoire orchestra. Adam used his savings and borrowed money to open a new opera house - the fourth opera house in Paris in 1847. Unfortunately, the Revolution of 1848 forced him to close. He taught composition at the Paris Conservatoire from 1849 until his death in 1856. Placide Cappeau The poet Cappeau was an advocate of the French Enlightenment philosopher Voltaire. Voltaire was renowned for criticizing the Catholic church, religious intolerance, and dogma in general. Consequently, Cappeau made the Redeemer figure in his song a kind of reformer of injustices, in particular, the problem of original sin. To begin with, people recognized Cappeau’s theology as eccentric, probably even doubtful. Theology In the earlier form of Minuit, the Christ figure descends to intervene with His Father’s plan to punish mankind. Traditional doctrine pronounces that Christ came from love, not to intervene. This version also declares that Christ appeared to expunge the original sin of Adam. Cappeau removed this part from his poem years later, because he just didn’t believe it. He preferred to portray Christ as the reformer of disparity and unfairness. Before long, the writer/politician Alphonse de Lamartine referred to the Minuit as the the Marseillaise of religion. Most French churchmen agreed with this idea but certainly did not consider it a tribute. Register for free lifetime updates and revisions at www.jamesguthrie.com