4ème Quatuor A Cordes

SKU: BR.KM-2483-07

ISBN 9790004502587. 9 x 12 inches.

Friedrich HolderlinMnemosyne Ein Zeichen sind wir, deutungslos,Schmerzlos sind wir und haben fastDie Sprache in der Fremde verloren.Wenn namlich uber MenschenEin Streit ist an dem Himmel und gewaltigDie Monde gehn, so redetDas Meer auch und Strome mussenDen Pfad sich suchen. ZweifellosIst aber Einer, derKann taglich es andern. Kaum bedarf erGesetz. Und es tonet das Blatt und Eichbaume wehn dann nebenDen Firnen. Denn nicht vermogenDie Himmlischen alles. Namlich es reichenDie Sterblichen eh an den Abgrund. Also wendet es sich, das Echo,Mit diesen. Lang istDie Zeit, es ereignet sich aberDas Wahre. Wie aber Liebes? SonnenscheinAm Boden sehen wir und trockenen StaubUnd heimatlich die Schatten der Walder und es bluhetAn Dachern der Rauch, bei alter KroneDer Turme, friedsam; gut sind namlich,Hat gegenredend die SeeleEin Himmlisches verwundet, die Tageszeichen.Denn Schnee, wie MaienblumenDas Edelmutige, woEs seie, bedeutend, glanzet aufDer grunen WieseDer Alpen, halftig, da, vom Kreuze redend, dasGesetzt ist unterwegs einmalGestorbenen, auf hoher StrassEin Wandersmann geht zornigFern ahnend mitDem andern, aber was ist dies?Am Feigenbaum ist meinAchilles mir gestorben,Und Ajax liegtAn den Grotten der See,An Bachen, benachbart dem Skamandros.An Schlafen Sausen einst, nachDer unbewegten Salamis steterGewohnheit, in der Fremd, ist grossAjax gestorben,Patroklos aber in des Koniges Harnisch. Und es starbenNoch andere viel. Am Kitharon aber lagEleuthera, der Mnemosyne Stadt. Der auch, alsAblegte den Mantel Gott, das Abendliche nachher losteDie Locken. Himmlische namlich sindUnwillig, wenn einer nicht die Seele schonend sichZusammengenommen, aber er muss doch; demGleich fehlet die TrauerIn meinen Holderlin lesen-Stucken ging es mir darum, Wege zu finden, die gewaltigen Sprachstrukturen Holderlins so in die zeitliche Form der Musik zu integrieren, dass sie Funktionen der musikalischen Form ubernehmen, ohne in ihrer Eigenkraft (sowohl akustisch wie auch im Sinne expressiver ,,Deutung) im geringsten geschmalert zu werden. Das hiess zunachst: Sprechen, nicht singen! - Aber das wurde nur bedeuten, dass es nicht um die Musikalisierung von Text geht; ebenso wichtig ist es, dass es auch nicht um melodramatisch ,,erzahlende Musik geht. Sondern: Zwei autonome Kunste durchdringen sich auf diaphane Weise, ohne sich zu uberformen oder auszuloschen; es handelt sich um einen Dialog, nicht um eine Vereinnahmung durch Hierarchisierung.Sind wir uns selbst zu einem ,,Zeichen...deutungslos geworden, wie es Holderlins Anfangszeilen sagen, so erscheinen auch die Zeichen, die wir selber setzen, sich immer mehr einer Deutbarkeit zu entziehen. Mein Stuck, das den vollstandigen Text von Holderlins Mnemosyne integriert, stellt auf seine Weise die Frage nach dem ,,Zeichen. ,,Was ist dies? Klang? Wort? Schrift? Wie sind die Grenzen, die Ubergange, die gegenseitigen Beeinflussungen der einzelnen Zeichenregionen? Was liegt ihnen zugrunde? Worte und musikalische Zeichen bewegen sich im Medium der Zeit; Schriftzeichen erscheinen zunachst als Verraumlichung, aber man muss daran erinnern, dass der Vorgang des Schreibens - wie er in der ostasiatischen Kalligraphie zu hochster Kunst entwickelt wurde - auch zeitlichen Charakter hat. Mnemosyne - die Kraft des Sich-Erinnerns - schafft die Zeichen, indem sie Gestalten durch Wiederholung fixiert und so aus dem endlosen Fluss der wahrgenommenen Vorgange herauslost. Die so entstehende artikulierte Zeit schafft wiederum durch das Wechselspiel von fixierten und sich bewegenden Gestalten das Bewusstsein fur differenzierte Formablaufe. Der Formverlauf meines Stuckes zeichnet solche genetischen Prozesse nach. Der Horer wird schnell merken, dass die Wortzeichen oft einer zuerst erscheinenden musikalischen Klangwelt entspringen (ich stimme Walter Benjamin zu, wenn er sagt, dass die Sprache in ihrer grundlegenden Schicht expressiven - und nicht darstellenden - Charakter hat). Die Schrift auf der Leinwand folgt zunachst den sprachlichen Aktionen der Stimme, erhalt dann aber auch eigene Teile der Form zugeteilt, in der sie sich als autonomes Zeichen darstellt. In der durch die drei Strophen Holderlins notwendigerweise dreiteiligen Gesamtform gibt es immer wieder Abschnitte, in denen entweder das musikalische Geschehen oder die Sprachzeichen des Gedichtes oder das Sich-Schreiben der Schrift im Vordergrund stehen; der Komponist versteht sich also hier auch als ,,Zusammensetzer der in unserer Wahrnehmung so verschieden besetzten Zeiten des Schreibens, Sprechens und Musikhorens. Es bilden sich im Verlauf des 40-minutigen Stuckes auch Grenzfalle, wie ,,stumme Musik oder total musikalisierte - ihrer Verstehbarkeit beraubte - Textrezitation. Auch das Singen von Text - in meinen bisherigen Holderlinstucken strikt vermieden - wird als ausserste Moglichkeit gegen Ende des formalen Prozesses zugelassen. An einigen Stellen zeigt die Musik sozusagen direkt auf sich selbst. Es sind Formzustande, die ich in meinem ,,Shir Hashirim als ,,Koan bezeichnet habe: ,,endlose Wiederholungen einer zeichenhaften Konstellation, bei jeder Wiederholung minimal verandert - so wie ein Kalligraph sein Schriftzeichen bei jedem Malvorgang unwillkurlich verandert und neu schafft. Steht im ersten Teil der Grossform der Aspekt des Abstrakten, des Unsinnlichen im Vordergrund, so wird im zweiten Teil Bildhaftigkeit als Eigenschaft nicht nur der Sprache, sondern auch der Musik betont: die Landschaft, halb schnee - halb blutenbedeckt, die der Wanderer ,,zornig durchstreift. Am Ende dieses Teils wird das Schriftbild selber zur Landschaft, die der Leser/Horer durchwandert. Er wird im dritten Teil durch einen Verwandlungsprozess zu den ekstatischen Ursprungen des holderlinschen Dichtens gefuhrt, und damit zur explizit musikalischen Ebene: Die Totenklage um Hektor und Ajax wird zum ,,dithyrambischen Tanz, wie es Holderlins Schlusszeile entwirft: ,,... darum fehlet die Trauer. Es bleibt noch nachzutragen, dass ich den in der Stuttgarter Ausgabe der Werke Holderlins in drei Versionen abgedruckten Text in einer Mischversion verwendet habe: die erste Strophe aus der 2. Fassung, die zweite mit Abweichungen und Widerspruchen aus allen drei Fassungen, und die dritte Strophe aus der 3. Fassung. (Hans Zender) CD:Salome Kammer (voice), Klangforum Wien, cond. Hans ZenderKairos 0012522KAIBibliography:Al lwardt, Ingrid: Nach-Lese. Holderlins Gesang im Resonanzraum der Musik Hans Zenders, in: Hans Zender. Vielstimmig in sich, hrsg. von Werner Grunzweig, Jorn Peter Hiekel und Anouk Jeschke (= Archive zur Musik des 20. und 21. Jahrhunderts, Band 12), Hofheim: Wolke 2008, pp. 43-60.Fuhrmann, Wolfgang: Zender lesen. Die Frage nach dem Zeichen in ,,Mnemosyne, in: ,,Ein Zeichen sind wir, deutungslos. Holderlin lesen, Ikkyu Sojun horen, Musik denken, hrsg. von Violetta L. Waibel, Gottingen: Wallstein 2020, S. 194-211Pragungen im Pluralismus. Hans Zender im Gesprach mit Jorn Peter Hiekel, in: Orientierungen. Wege im Pluralismus der Gegenwartsmusik, hrsg. von Jorn Peter Hiekel (= Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fur Neue Musik und Musikerziehung Darmstadt, Band 47), Mainz u. a.: Schott 2007, pp. 130-137.Mosch, Ulrich: Ultrachromatik und Mikrotonalitat. Hans Zenders Grundlegung einer neuen Harmonik, in: Hans Zender. Vielstimmig in sich, hrsg. von Werner Grunzweig, Jorn Peter Hiekel und Anouk Jeschke (= Archive zur Musik des 20. und 21. Jahrhunderts, Band 12), Hofheim: Wolke 2008, pp. 61-76.Schmidt, Dorte: Erfahrung und Erinnerung. Kompositorisches Material zwischen Klang und Bedeutung in der Kammermusik des spaten 20. Jahrhunderts, in: Mnemosyne. Zeit und Gedachtnis in der europaischen Musik des ausgehenden 20. Jahrhunderts, hrsg. von Dorothea Redepenning und Joachim Steinheuer, Saarbrucken: Pfau 2006, pp. 41-58.Zenck, Martin: Holderlin lesen seiner Stimme zuhoren. Holderlin-Lekturen von Klaus Michael Gruber, Hans Zender und Bruno Ganz, in: Neue Zeitschrift fur Musik 172 (2011), Heft 6, pp. 25-29.Zender, Hans: Zu meinem Zyklus Holderlin lesen, in: Mnemosyne. Zeit und Gedachtnis in der europaischen Musik des ausgehenden 20. Jahrhunderts, hrsg. von Dorothea Redepenning und Joachim Steinheuer, Saarbrucken: Pfau 2006, pp. 26-40.

World premiere: Witten (Wittener Tage fur neue Kammermusik), May 4, 2001.

SKU: PR.16400272S

UPC: 680160588442. 8.5 x 11 inches.

My third quartet is laid out in a three-movement structure, with each movement based on an early, middle, and late work of the great American impressionist painter Mary Cassatt. Although the movements are separate, with full-stop endings, the music is connected by a common scale-form, derived from the name MARY CASSATT, and by a recurring theme that introduces all three movements. I see this theme as Mary's Theme, a personality that stays intact while undergoing gradual change.   I The Bacchante (1876) [Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]   The painting shows a young girl of Italian or Spanish origin, playing a small pair of cymbals. Since Cassatt was trying very hard to fit in at the French Academy at the time, she painted a lot of these subjects, which were considered typical and universal. The style of the painting doesn't yet show Cassatt's originality, except perhaps for certain details in the face. Accordingly the music for this movement is Spanish/Italian, in a similar period-style but using the musical signature described above. The music begins with Mary's Theme, ruminative and slow, then abruptly changes to an alla Spagnola-type fast 3/4 - 6/8 meter. It evokes the Spanish-influenced music of Ravel and Falla.   Midway through, there's an accompanied recitative for the viola, which figures large in this particular movement, then back to a truncated recapitulation of the fast music. The overall feeling is of a well-made, rather conventional movement in a contemporary Spanish/Italian style. Cassatt's painting, too, is rather conventional.   II At the Opera (1880) [Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts]   This painting is one of Cassatt's most well known works, and it hangs in the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. The painting shows a woman alone in a box at the opera house, completely dressed (including gloves) and looking through opera glasses at someone or something that is NOT on the stage. Across the auditorium from her, but exactly at eye level, is a gentleman with opera glasses intently watching her - though it is not him that she's looking at. It's an intriguing picture.   This movement is far less conventional than the first movement, as the painting is far less conventional. The music begins with a rapid, Shostakovich-type mini-overture lasting less than a minute, based on Mary's Theme. My conjecture is that the woman in the painting has arrived late to the opera, busily stumbling into her box. What happens next is a kind of collage, a kind of surrealistic overlaying of two different elements: the foreground music, at first is a direct quotation of Soldier's Chorus from Gounod's FAUST (an opera Cassatt would certainly have heard in the brand-new Paris Opera House at that time), played by Violin II, Viola, and Cello. This music is played sul ponticello in the melody and col legno in the marching accompaniment. On top of this, the first violin hovers at first on a high harmonic, then descends into a slow melody, completely separate from the Gounod. It's as if the woman in the painting is hearing the opera onstage but is not really interested in it. Then the cello joins the first violin in a kind of love-duet (just the two of them, at first). This music isn't at all Gounod-derived; it's entirely from the same scale patterns as the first movement and derives from Mary's Theme and its scale. The music stays in a kind of dichotomy feeling, usually three-against-one, until the end of the movement, when another Gounod melody, Valentin's aria Avant de quitter ce lieux reappears in a kind of coda for all four players. It ends atmospherically and emotionally disconnected, however. The overall feeling is a kind of schizophrenic, opera-inspired dream.   III Young Woman in Green, Outdoors in the Sun (1909) [Worcester Art Museum, Massachusetts]   The painting, one of Cassatt's last, is very simple: just a figure, looking sideways out of the picture. The colors are pastel and yet bold - and the woman is likewise very self-assured and not in the least demure. It is eight minutes long, and is all about melody - three melodies, to be exact (Young Woman, Green, and Sunlight). No angst, no choppy rhythms, just ever-unfolding melody and lush harmonies. I quote one other French composer here, too: Debussy's song Green, from Ariettes Oubliees. 1909 would have been Debussy's heyday in Paris, and it makes perfect sense musically as well as visually to do this.   Mary Cassatt lived her last several years in near-total blindness, and as she lost visual acuity, her work became less sharply defined - something akin to late water lilies of Monet, who suffered similar vision loss. My idea of making this movement entirely melodic was compounded by having each of the three melodies appear twice, once in a pure form, and the second time in a more diffuse setting. This makes an interesting two ways form: A-B-C-A1-B1-C1.   String Quartet No.3 (Cassatt) is dedicated, with great affection and respect, to the Cassatt String Quartet, whose members have dedicated themselves in large measure to the furthering of the contemporary repertoire for quartet.

SKU: PR.164002720

UPC: 680160573042. 8.5 x 11 inches.

My third quartet is laid out in a three-movement structure, with each movement based on an early, middle, and late work of the great American impressionist painter Mary Cassatt. Although the movements are separate, with full-stop endings, the music is connected by a common scale-form, derived from the name MARY CASSATT, and by a recurring theme that introduces all three movements. I see this theme as Mary's Theme, a personality that stays intact while undergoing gradual change.   I The Bacchante (1876) [Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]   The painting shows a young girl of Italian or Spanish origin, playing a small pair of cymbals. Since Cassatt was trying very hard to fit in at the French Academy at the time, she painted a lot of these subjects, which were considered typical and universal. The style of the painting doesn't yet show Cassatt's originality, except perhaps for certain details in the face. Accordingly the music for this movement is Spanish/Italian, in a similar period-style but using the musical signature described above. The music begins with Mary's Theme, ruminative and slow, then abruptly changes to an alla Spagnola-type fast 3/4 - 6/8 meter. It evokes the Spanish-influenced music of Ravel and Falla.   Midway through, there's an accompanied recitative for the viola, which figures large in this particular movement, then back to a truncated recapitulation of the fast music. The overall feeling is of a well-made, rather conventional movement in a contemporary Spanish/Italian style. Cassatt's painting, too, is rather conventional.   II At the Opera (1880) [Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts]   This painting is one of Cassatt's most well known works, and it hangs in the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. The painting shows a woman alone in a box at the opera house, completely dressed (including gloves) and looking through opera glasses at someone or something that is NOT on the stage. Across the auditorium from her, but exactly at eye level, is a gentleman with opera glasses intently watching her - though it is not him that she's looking at. It's an intriguing picture.   This movement is far less conventional than the first movement, as the painting is far less conventional. The music begins with a rapid, Shostakovich-type mini-overture lasting less than a minute, based on Mary's Theme. My conjecture is that the woman in the painting has arrived late to the opera, busily stumbling into her box. What happens next is a kind of collage, a kind of surrealistic overlaying of two different elements: the foreground music, at first is a direct quotation of Soldier's Chorus from Gounod's FAUST (an opera Cassatt would certainly have heard in the brand-new Paris Opera House at that time), played by Violin II, Viola, and Cello. This music is played sul ponticello in the melody and col legno in the marching accompaniment. On top of this, the first violin hovers at first on a high harmonic, then descends into a slow melody, completely separate from the Gounod. It's as if the woman in the painting is hearing the opera onstage but is not really interested in it. Then the cello joins the first violin in a kind of love-duet (just the two of them, at first). This music isn't at all Gounod-derived; it's entirely from the same scale patterns as the first movement and derives from Mary's Theme and its scale. The music stays in a kind of dichotomy feeling, usually three-against-one, until the end of the movement, when another Gounod melody, Valentin's aria Avant de quitter ce lieux reappears in a kind of coda for all four players. It ends atmospherically and emotionally disconnected, however. The overall feeling is a kind of schizophrenic, opera-inspired dream.   III Young Woman in Green, Outdoors in the Sun (1909) [Worcester Art Museum, Massachusetts]   The painting, one of Cassatt's last, is very simple: just a figure, looking sideways out of the picture. The colors are pastel and yet bold - and the woman is likewise very self-assured and not in the least demure. It is eight minutes long, and is all about melody - three melodies, to be exact (Young Woman, Green, and Sunlight). No angst, no choppy rhythms, just ever-unfolding melody and lush harmonies. I quote one other French composer here, too: Debussy's song Green, from Ariettes Oubliees. 1909 would have been Debussy's heyday in Paris, and it makes perfect sense musically as well as visually to do this.   Mary Cassatt lived her last several years in near-total blindness, and as she lost visual acuity, her work became less sharply defined - something akin to late water lilies of Monet, who suffered similar vision loss. My idea of making this movement entirely melodic was compounded by having each of the three melodies appear twice, once in a pure form, and the second time in a more diffuse setting. This makes an interesting two ways form: A-B-C-A1-B1-C1.   String Quartet No.3 (Cassatt) is dedicated, with great affection and respect, to the Cassatt String Quartet, whose members have dedicated themselves in large measure to the furthering of the contemporary repertoire for quartet.

SKU: HL.14008374

ISBN 9781846096150. UPC: 884088435202. 8.25x11.75x0.105 inches.

The Full Score for Peter Maxwell Davies' fourth in a series of ten string quartets commissioned by the Naxos Recording company, first performed by the Maggini Quartet on 20th August 2004 at the Chapel of the Royal Palace, Oslo, Norway, as part of the Olso Chamber Music Festival. Composer Note: The fourth Naxos quartet was written in January and February of 2004, with the intention of producing something lighter and much less fierce than its predecessor, an unpremeditated and spontaneous reaction to the illegal invasion of Iraq. I returned to the well-known Brueghel picture of children's games (1560, now in Vienna), which had been the inspiration for my sixth Strathclyde Concerto, for flute and orchestra. These illustrations liberated my musical imagination, but I feel it would limit the listener's perception to be too specific about which game relates to exactly which section of the work. Suffice it to say that there is vigorous play - leap-frog, bind the devil with a cord, truss, wrestling - alongside quieter pastimes - masks, guess whom I shall choose, courting, odds and evens. The single movement juxtaposes these activities as abruptly and intimately as they occur in Brueghel. Rather as the eye is taken into different perspectives and proportions of scale within the picture, taking liberties which would never be present in, for instance, Brunelleschi architectural drawings, so here, with a constant sequence of transformation processes, I have distorted the neat, precise implications of modal progression, expressed in the unison opening phrase (from F to B through A sharp/B flat), so that the ear is led, en route, into the sound equivalents of strange passageways and closed rooms: sicut exposition ludus. As work on the quartet progressed I became aware that I was reading into, and behind the games, adult motives and implications, concerning aggression and war, with their consequences. It was impossible to escape into innocent childhood fantasy. The nature of the F to B progression underlying the whole construction derives from a passage in the development of the first movement of Mahler's Third Symphony, and the opening of Schoenberg's Second String Quartet. However, unlike in these models, here a real - if temporary - sense of resolution occurs at the close of the quartet: as when the curtain falls on the reconciled Count and Countess in 'Figaro' one wonders how long the F/B truce will hold, and games break out again. The quartet is dedicated to Giuseppe Rebecchini, Roman architect, and friend since the nineteen-fifties.