Matériel : Conducteur
Voir toutes les partitions de George Gershwin
SKU: AP.30754S
UPC: 038081341484. English.
Imagine a huge meteor striking the earth! That event occurred nearly 50 years ago near Winslow, Arizona, and was the inspiration for this work. You'll experience the anticipation before the strike with bold sweeping sounds. A bold addition to the beginning band repertoire sure to make a sizable impact!
SKU: HL.44007247
UPC: 884088244323. 9x12 inches. English-German-French-Dut ch-Japanese.
With this work, commissioned by a prestigious girls? school with morethan a hundred years of tradition and history, the composer aimed towrite a universal work with love as its theme. He succeeded in doingthis with Sinfonia - a delightfully charming interlude with a transparentsound and a striking melody. In 2005 maakte de Japanse Hamamatsu Municipal Senior High School een nieuwe start als middelbare school voor zowel meisjes als jongens. Voor die gelegenheid schreef Satoshi Yagisawa op verzoek een nieuw schoollied. In januari 2006componeerde hij Sinfonia voor het schoolharmonieorkest, geleid door Atsuo Yamagata. Het werd een universeel werk met liefde als thema, een soort interludium met een transparante klank en een treffende melodie.Mit diesem Werk, das er zur Umwandlung einer traditionsreichen Madchenschule zu einer gemischten Schule schrieb, wollte der japanische Komponist ein universelles Werk uber das Miteinander und die Liebe schaffen. Dies gelang ihm mit Sinfonia, einem interessanten Zwischenspiel von transparentem Klang mit einer eindruckvollen Melodie. Le Lycee Municipal d'Hamamatsu au Japon fut un prestigieux lycee de filles s'appuyant sur plus de cent ans d'histoire et de traditions. En 2005, l'etablissement prit un nouvel envol en devenant un lycee mixte. Pour celebrer cet evenement, Satoshi Yagisawa fut charge de composer un nouveau chant emblematique de l'ecole.En janvier 2006, il compose Sinfonia, une œuvre de commande pour l'Orchestre d'Harmonie du Lycee (Atsuo Yamagata, dir.). L'œuvre se veut universelle developpant le theme eternel de l'amour : une sorte d'interlude sur une trame sonore cristalline et une ligne melodique enivrante.
SKU: KJ.WB436F
UPC: 084027042199.
This rousing and triumphant piece is full of all the excitement and optimism you've come to expect from this celebrated composer. With a striking melody and bold rhythms, Milestone March is infectiously spirited from first note to last. Not to be missed!
SKU: BT.DHP-1043529-140
English-German-French- Dutch.
The French composer Daniel François Esprit Auber (1782-1871) witnessed many important developments in the history of music ? from Luigi Cherubini to Richard Wagner. His extensive output consisted mainly of operas, but unfortunately today only two of these are still well known, including the comic opera Fra Diavolo. The story concerns Fra Diavolo, a famous Italian bandit and soldier from the late 18th and early 19th centuries, and is one of crime, lust and treachery. The overture has a classical structure and is filled with striking themes and motifs and has a particularly unusual introduction (for the time) with the snare drum taking the leading role!De Franse componist Daniel François Esprit Auber (1782-1871) heeft belangrijke ontwikkelingen in de muziekgeschiedenis meegemaakt: van Luigi Cherubini tot Richard Wagner. Zijn uitgebreide oeuvre bestaat voornamelijk uit opera’s, waarvaner nu nog maar twee bekend zijn, waaronder het komische werk Fra Diavolo. Het verhaal over Fra Diavolo, een beroemde Italiaanse roverhoofdman en soldaat, is er een van misdaad, begeerte en verraad. De ouverture heeft een klassiekeopbouw met opvallende thema’s en motieven en heeft een (voor die tijd) wel heel ongebruikelijke inleiding: de kleine trom speelt een solistische rol!Die Ouvertüre zu Aubers komischer Oper Fra Diavolo hat eine klassische Form mit leicht wieder erkennbaren Themen, klaren Bildern und deutlichen Motiven - sehr passend zu einer ebenfalls einprägsamen, turbulenten Handlung voll von Gerichtsvollziehern und Dieben! Unsentimentale, reizvolle Musik, die auch in der Transkription von Wil van der Beek das Publikum in ihren Bann ziehen wird! Daniel François Esprit Auber (Caen, 1782 ; Paris, 1871) a été témoin de tout un cycle de l’histoire de la musique, de Luigi Cherubini Richard Wagner. Son répertoire comporte essentiellement des opéras. Des quarante opéras qu’il a composés, seuls deux ont su résister aux vicissitudes du temps : La Muette de Portici (parfois nommée Masaniello) et Fra Diavolo. La Muette de Portici est un opéra révolutionnaire de nombreux égards ; la légende veut même que la représentation du 29 juin 1830, au Thé tre de la Monnaie de Bruxelles ait déclenché l’insurrection qui fut l’origine du mouvement révolutionnaire entraînant la séparation de la Belgique et de laHollande. L’opéra-comique Fra Diavolo se révèle par son intérêt musical, qui lui vaut d’être interprété de nos jours encore. Les nombreuses aventures du capitaine Fra Diavolo sont restées captivantes gr ce un langage musical attrayant, dénué de sentimentalité.L†ouverture Fra Diavolo est de structure classique. Les thèmes simples et débonnaires évoquent des images claires, et de nombreux appels et échos militaires nous rappellent que l’intrigue se développe au rythme des péripéties des brigands et des carabiniers ! L’introduction de l’ouverture est orchestrée de façon inhabituelle pour l’époque. La caisse claire tient le rôle principal.
SKU: HL.4002872
UPC: 884088353056. 9.0x12.0x0.092 inches.
The term passage can variously describe a passageway of travel, a musical phrase, or perhaps the soul's moving on from this world to the next. In this work for band, dark and rich sonorities are contrasted with a lilting, Celtic-flavored melody as it alternates with striking passages from the brass. Later, an alto sax soloist adds a haunting quality to the mood followed by a return of the ethnic drumming heard earlier. This unique and rewarding composition is beautifully paced and skillfully orchestrated using every section of the band. Dur: 7:00 (Grade 4) The audio is accessed online using the unique code inside each book and can be streamed or downloaded. The audio files include PLAYBACK+, a multi-functional audio player that allows you to slow down audio without changing pitch, set loop points, change keys, and pan left or right.
SKU: BT.DHP-1125271-140
9x12 inches.
This number topped the U.S. chart as the lead release single from Bad. Siedah Garrett, who sang the duet, was a protégé of Quincy Jones with whom Michael tag-teamed for three solos on Off the Wall. (Garrett is also renowned as one of the writers of the song Man in the Mirror,â? the fourth single which carries a strong message.) Japanese fans still remember this song being performed as an encore during the Bad World Tour in 1987. The straightforward, sweet love song starts out quietly and gradually takes on heat, unfolding a wonderful musical sentiment. The performance of the arranged version also strikes the audience with an imposing world of sound comparableto that of a full orchestra. I Just Canâ??t Stop Loving You was de eerste single van het album Bad. Michael Jackson nam dit romantisch duet, samen met zangeres en songwriter Siedah Garret, op. Dit gevoelige nummer werd wereldwijd bekend door Michaelâ??sBad World Tour in 1987. Miho Hazama maakte er een arrangement van met een prachtig volle klank.I Just Canâ??t Stop Loving You war die erste Single aus dem Album Bad, wo das romantische Duett zusammen mit der Sängerin und Songwriterin Siedah Garret aufgenommen wurde. Weltweit ist der gefu?hlvolle Song vor allem von der Bad World Tour im Jahr 1987 bekannt geworden. Dieses Arrangement besticht vor allem durch seinen vollen Orchesterklang. I Just Canâ??t Stop Loving You, premier single extrait de lâ??album, est un duo romantique que Michael Jackson interprèta avec Siedah Garrett. La chanson connut un réel succès dans le monde entier, et fut programmée lors des différentes tournées Bad World Tour et Dangerous World Tour. Cet émouvant arrangement impressionne de par son orchestration complète, tout en respectant la version originale. I Just Canâ??t Stop Loving You, il primo single dellâ??album Bad, include il romantico duo con la cantante e autrice Siedah Garret. Il brano è diventato famoso grazie al Bad World Tour del 1987. Questo raffinato arrangiamento si contraddistingue per le sonorit .
SKU: HL.4006498
UPC: 840126908510. 9.0x12.0x0.072 inches.
Located near the base of scenic Paine Mountain in Vermont, Norwich University boasts the oldest collegiate band in the nation. Paine Mountain Legacy celebrates their 200th anniversary and is filled with dynamic fanfare-like passages, a brief chorale, and striking musical effects.
SKU: HL.4002868
UPC: 884088353018. 9.0x12.0x0.096 inches.
Described by the composer as “bombastic, but with a groove” this work for young players opens with striking percussion statements. The band enters gradually, first with unison figures along with the percussion, and then additional layers. A contrasting slow section with flowing lines and minor harmonies sets the stage for the dramatic final section. A great way to showcase your percussion section. Dur: 4:10 (Grade 2).
SKU: HL.44007387
UPC: 884088251550. 9x12 inches.
Three of Abraham Lincoln's favorite melodies serve to bring the sounds of his generation alive for your concert audience. Colorful orchestration combines with imaginative harmony and counterpoint to make this a strikingly original suite of familiar songs from a time gone by. Expressive, accented, lyrical, delicate, boisterous; you'll discover that A Lincoln Celebration shows off your band in a wide variety of ways and lets all the players thoroughly enjoy the process of performance preparation. Excellent cross-curricular opportunities.
SKU: BT.DHP-1135452-120
9x12 inches. English-Dutch.
De Ruigewaard is a large polder (reclaimed land protected by dykes) in the Dutch province of Groningen. Shortly after the land was reclaimed around 1500, a settlement was established at the location of the current village of Grijpskerk. This was the source of inspiration for this concert work, together with a 13th-century Gregorian theme - the Dies Irae - which is used as a leitmotiv.After the introduction follow five variations, in randon order - however, each one of them carries us back to a striking moment in the history of Grijpskerk, home of the Excelsior Christian Music Association (CMV), who commissioned this work on the occasion of its participation in theWMC in Kerkrade (the Netherlands) in 2013. De Ruigewaard is een grote polder in de provincie Groningen. Kort na de inpoldering rond 1500 ontstond er een nederzetting op de plaats waar nu het dorp Grijpskerk is gelegen. Dit gegeven vormde de inspiratiebron voor dit concertwerk - samen met een als leidmotief gebruikt 13e-eeuws gregoriaans thema: het Dies Irae.Na de introductie volgen vijf variaties, in willekeurige volgorde, maar wel allemaal terug te voeren op een markant moment uit de geschiedenis van de vestigingsplaats van de opdrachtgever van deze compositie: Grijpskerk. CMV Excelsior Grijpskerk heeft deze compositie laten schrijven vanwege haar deelname aan het WMC te Kerkrade in 2013.
SKU: BT.DHP-1064032-215
9x12 inches. English-German-French-Dut ch.
A rip roaring grandioso concert march, full of wonderful melodic lines and striking rhythmic features. An extremely appealing composition for both performers and listeners alike. In Decorum folgt auf eine überraschende, virtuose Einleitung ein verspieltes, leichtes Thema. Hier wechseln sich die Holzbläser mit Tutti-Passagen ab,wodurch ein dynamisch kontrastiver Effekt entsteht. Danach tritt eine Melodielinie, mit Triolen und punktierten Motiven als auffälligste rhythmische Merkmale, in den Vordergrund. Das Trio präsentiert ein neues Thema, in dem die Sechzehntelnoten die Oberhand haben. Eine ausgesprochen erhabene Reprise beendet diesen Konzertmarsch. Decorum ist eine äußerst attraktive Komposition für Musiker und Zuhörer.Apràs une introduction ornementée, suit un thème enjoué et léger. Les bois alternent avec des passages en tutti dans un effet de nuances contrastées. Une ligne mélodique dont les triolets et des motifs marqués constituent l’aspect rythmique le plus surprenant est ensuite mise en relief. Le trio développe un nouveau thème et mène vers un finale grandiose. Decorum est une oeuvre très attrayante tant pour les musiciens que pour l’auditoire. Dopo un’introduzione di abbellimento, segue un tema giocoso e leggero. I legni alternano con passaggi in tutti in un effetto di sfumature contrastate. In seguito viene evidenziata una linea melodica nella quale le terzine e motivi incisivi costituiscono l’aspetto ritmico più sorprendente. Il trio sviluppa un nuovo tema e accompagna verso il grandioso finale. Decorum è un brano che esecutori e pubblico troveranno molto accattivante.
SKU: HL.44007246
UPC: 884088244316. 9x12 inches. English(US)/Deutsch/Franc ais/Nederlands/Nihongo.
SKU: HL.4005290
UPC: 888680703721. 9.0x12.0x0.062 inches.
Although brief in duration, this powerful fanfare from Richard Saucedo packs plenty of excitement and drama in a short amount of time! Interstellar Fanfare features a spirited 12/8 pulse throughout, striking harmonic twists, and a relentless energy from beginning to end. Great as an opener! Dur: 1:40.
SKU: BT.DHP-1195884-140
Tribute to a Maestro is an homage to Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683 1764), one of the most important French Baroque composers. Rameau was a hugely significant composer, organist, harpsichordist and music teacher: he also published several authoritative books on music theory. Jan de Haan based this tribute on a theme from ‘Les Sauvages’ (The Savages), the fourth act of Rameau’s ballet-opera, Les Indes Galantes (The Amorous Indies). The work begins with two variations, whereupon the striking theme can be heard. After a short intermezzo, four more variations follow, of which the last one is composed in Baroque style. Tribute to a Maestro is een hommage aan Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683 1764), een van de belangrijkste componisten uit de barok. Deze Fransman was niet alleen componist, organist, klavecinist en muziekpedagoog, maar ook muziektheoreticus. Hij publiceerde verschillende toonaangevende boeken over muziektheorie. Jan de Haan baseerde dit eerbetoon op een thema uit het oeuvre van Rameau, namelijk ‘Les Sauvages’ (De wilden) uit de vierde akte van een van Rameaus balletopera’s, Les Indes Galantes (De hoffelijke Indiërs). Het werk begint met twee variaties, waarna het markante thema is te beluisteren. Na een kort intermezzo volgen dan nog vier variaties, waarvan delaatste in barokstijl is gecomponeerd. Tribute to a Maestro ist eine Hommage an Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683 1764), einen der bedeutendsten Komponisten der Barockzeit. Der Franzose war nicht nur Komponist, Organist, Cembalist und Musiklehrer, sondern auch Musiktheoretiker. Er veröffentlichte einige grundlegende musiktheoretische Bücher. Jan de Haan stützte seine Huldigung auf ein Thema aus Rameaus Werk, nämlich Les Sauvages“ (Die Wilden“) aus dem vierten Akt von Rameaus Ballettoper Les Indes galantes. Das Stück beginnt mit zwei Variationen, woraufhin das bemerkenswerte Thema erklingt. Nach einem kurzen Intermezzo folgen vier weitere Variationen, von denen die letzte im Barockstilkomponiert ist. Tribute to a Maestro est un hommage Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683-1764), l’un des plus importants compositeurs du baroque. Ce Français était non seulement un compositeur, organiste, claveciniste et enseignant de musique, mais aussi un théoricien de la musique. Ses nombreuses publications font autorité en théorie musicale. A la base de cet hommage de Jan de Haan est un thème de l’œuvre de Rameau, notamment « Les Sauvages » du quatrième acte de l’un de ses opéra-ballets, Les Indes Galantes. L’œuvre commence par deux variations la suite desquels on entend le thème saisissant. Après un court intermezzo, quatre autres variations s’ensuivent, dont la dernière estcomposée dans le style baroque.
SKU: BT.DHP-1043529-010
SKU: BT.DHP-1043529-040
French composer Daniel François Esprit Aubers extensive outputconsisted mainly of operas, but unfortunately today only two of theseare still well known, including the comic opera Fra Diavolo. The storyconcerns Fra Diavolo, a famous Italian bandit and soldier from the late 18th and early 19th centuries, and is one of crime, lust and treachery. The overture has a classical structure filled with striking themes and motifs with a particularly unusual introduction (for the time) with the snare drum taking the leading role!De ouverture van Fra Diavolo, een komische opera van de Franse componist Daniel François Esprit Auber (1782-1871), heeft een klassieke opbouw. De gebruikte thema’s zijn zeer herkenbaar en roepen duidelijke beelden op. Signaalmotievenzijn rijkelijk aanwezig - en deze mogen natuurlijk ook niet ontbreken als het in de handeling gaat over rovers en gendarmes. De inleiding is voor Aubers tijd bijzonder ge nstrumenteerd: de kleine trom speelt een solistischerol!Di e Ouvertüre zu Aubers komischer Oper Fra Diavolo hat eine klassische Form mit leicht wieder erkennbaren Themen, klaren Bildern und deutlichen Motiven - sehr passend zu einer ebenfalls einprägsamen, turbulenten Handlung voll von Gerichtsvollziehern und Dieben! Unsentimentale, reizvolle Musik, die auch in der Transkription von Wil van der Beek das Publikum in ihren Bann ziehen wird! Daniel François Esprit Auber (Caen, 1782 ; Paris, 1871) a été témoin de tout un cycle de l’histoire de la musique, de Luigi Cherubini Richard Wagner. Son répertoire comporte essentiellement des opéras. Des quarante opéras qu’il a composés, seuls deux ont su résister aux vicissitudes du temps : La Muette de Portici (parfois nommée Masaniello) et Fra Diavolo. La Muette de Portici est un opéra révolutionnaire de nombreux égards ; la légende veut même que la représentation du 29 juin 1830, au Thé tre de la Monnaie de Bruxelles ait déclenché l’insurrection qui fut l’origine du mouvement révolutionnaire entraînant la séparation de la Belgique et de laHollande. L’opéra-comique Fra Diavolo se révèle par son intérêt musical, qui lui vaut d’être interprété de nos jours encore. Les nombreuses aventures du capitaine Fra Diavolo sont restées captivantes gr ce un langage musical attrayant, dénué de sentimentalité.L†ouverture Fra Diavolo est de structure classique. Les thèmes simples et débonnaires évoquent des images claires, et de nombreux appels et échos militaires nous rappellent que l’intrigue se développe au rythme des péripéties des brigands et des carabiniers ! L’introduction de l’ouverture est orchestrée de façon inhabituelle pour l’époque. La caisse claire tient le rôle principal.
SKU: BT.DHP-1094658-130
For Cityscapes Jan de Haan used the metropolis of New York, the largest city of the United States, as a source of inspiration. In three movements he manages to capture some of the Big Apple’s defining characteristics, from the breathtaking view of the skyline and the hustle and bustle of Central Park, to the excitement experienced in this glamorous and striking city. Let the magic of New York shine with this dramatic new item for brass band. Voor Cityscapes heeft de componist zich laten inspireren door de metropool New York, de grootste stad in de Verenigde Staten. Het eerste deel verklankt de skyline van de ‘Big Apple’. De grootse aanblik van onder andere Manhattan,Brooklyn Bridge en het Vrijheidsbeeld staat model voor het pakkende hoofdthema. In deel twee wordt de stemming van het Central Park voorgesteld. Dit immense park in New York is een plek voor ontspanning en vermaak. In het slotdeelvan dit drieluik staat het altijd bruisende Manhattan, bekend om de vele wolkenkrabbers en het financiële centrum, Wall Street, centraal. Een absolute aanrader!Jan de Haans Quelle der Inspiration für Cityscapes war die Metropole New York, die größte Stadt der Vereinigten Staaten. In drei Sätzen gelang es ihm, einige charakteristische Merkmale des Big Apples“ einzufangen: der großartige Anblick der Skyline von Manhattan, Brooklyn Bridge und der Freiheitsstatue, die Stimmung des berühmten Central Park und das pulsierende Leben in dieser glitzernden, eindrucksvollen Metropole. Absolut hörenswert! Cityscapes (“Paysages urbainsâ€) est une œuvre inspirée d’une série d’impressions et de paysages de la métropole de New York, la plus grande ville des États-Unis.Dans le premier mouvement, l’impressionnante ligne d’horizon de « La Grosse Pomme » s’étire devant nous. Manhattan, le pont de Brooklyn et la Statue de la Liberté sont l’essence du thème principal. Les dernières mesures de ce premier mouvement font référence la célèbre Symphonie n° 9 dite « du Nouveau Monde » que le compositeur tchèque Antón Dvorák composa lors d’un séjour New York.Le second mouvement est consacré Central Park, l’immense parc new-yorkais construit au XIXe siècle, etdestiné aux loisirs, au divertissement et la relaxation. Plusieurs b timents célèbres, tels que le Metropolitan Museum of Art, jalonnent Central Park.Le troisième et dernier mouvement de ce triptyque dépeint l’esprit bouillonnant de Manhattan, quartier célèbre pour abriter d’impressionnants gratte-ciel et la Bourse de Wall Street. La musique palpite au rythme du trafic intense et suit le tourbillon d’activité tumultueux. Elle décrit également les immenses buildings comme l'Empire State Building.
SKU: PR.145400360
ISBN 9781491137604. UPC: 680160691050.
A major addition to the saxophone concerto repertoire, Zwilich’s three-movement work is inspired by her early experience playing in big bands, along with a love of rich textures and driving rhythms interrupted by striking silences. The centerpiece slow movement is scored for only the soloist and the ensemble’s sax section, with all other players tacet. A large-size full score, and a solo part with piano, are available separately.
SKU: CF.PPS60F
ISBN 9781491163825. UPC: 680160922611.
An ancient world calls… Spirit of the Warrior explores both the beauty and the power of a forgotten civilization; man’s mighty force amidst nature’s gentle majesty. It is dedicated to all soldiers and warriors, past and present, who give their all to protect home and nation. The warrior shows courage in the face of danger, and loyalty to a cause beyond self-interest. The warrior sees life’s fragile beauty with eyes few others can understand. Long after warriors fall in battle, their spirit lives on in the people and lands they have protected.  Using only the first six notes of the concert Bb scale, Spirit of the Warrior begins boldly. Separated notes in the low brass and winds represent the warrior’s power. Nature’s inspiring beauty is represented by the high woodwinds and bells, which play in counterpoint to the lower instruments.  Fully separate the staccatos, and shape the accents throughout to help the music feel powerful without being overly heavy or loud. At m. 29, be sure that the countermelody played by the clarinets and alto saxophone can be clearly heard.If you have additional percussionists, consider doubling the snare drum part on a low tom-tom. Experiment with the gong to find the sound you prefer: strike closer to the edge for a brash “crash†sound, or closer to the center for a more mysterious tone. The piece ends with the sound of the sustaining gong . Enjoy the drama and let the sound fade without (much) dampening.  .
SKU: CF.PPS60
ISBN 9781491163429. UPC: 680160922215.
SKU: HL.49046544
ISBN 9781705122655. UPC: 842819108726. 9.0x12.0x0.224 inches.
I composed the Piano Concerto in two stages: the first three movements during the years 1985-86, the next two in 1987, the final autograph of the last movement was ready by January, 1988. The concerto is dedicated to the American conductor Mario di Bonaventura. The markings of the movements are the following: 1. Vivace molto ritmico e preciso 2. Lento e deserto 3. Vivace cantabile 4. Allegro risoluto 5. Presto luminoso.The first performance of the three-movement Concerto was on October 23rd, 1986 in Graz. Mario di Bonaventura conducted while his brother, Anthony di Bonaventura, was the soloist. Two days later the performance was repeated in the Vienna Konzerthaus. After hearing the work twice, I came to the conclusion that the third movement is not an adequate finale; my feeling of form demanded continuation, a supplement. That led to the composing of the next two movements. The premiere of the whole cycle took place on February 29th, 1988, in the Vienna Konzerthaus with the same conductor and the same pianist. The orchestra consisted of the following: flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, horn, trumpet, tenor trombone, percussion and strings. The flautist also plays the piccoIo, the clarinetist, the alto ocarina. The percussion is made up of diverse instruments, which one musician-virtuoso can play. It is more practical, however, if two or three musicians share the instruments. Besides traditional instruments the percussion part calls also for two simple wind instruments: the swanee whistle and the harmonica. The string instrument parts (two violins, viola, cello and doubles bass) can be performed soloistic since they do not contain divisi. For balance, however, the ensemble playing is recommended, for example 6-8 first violins, 6-8 second, 4-6 violas, 4-6 cellos, 3-4 double basses. In the Piano Concerto I realized new concepts of harmony and rhythm. The first movement is entirely written in bimetry: simultaneously 12/8 and 4/4 (8/8). This relates to the known triplet on a doule relation and in itself is nothing new. Because, however, I articulate 12 triola and 8 duola pulses, an entangled, up till now unheard kind of polymetry is created. The rhythm is additionally complicated because of asymmetric groupings inside two speed layers, which means accents are asymmetrically distributed. These groups, as in the talea technique, have a fixed, continuously repeating rhythmic structures of varying lengths in speed layers of 12/8 and 4/4. This means that the repeating pattern in the 12/8 level and the pattern in the 4/4 level do not coincide and continuously give a kaleidoscope of renewing combinations. In our perception we quickly resign from following particular rhythmical successions and that what is going on in time appears for us as something static, resting. This music, if it is played properly, in the right tempo and with the right accents inside particular layers, after a certain time 'rises, as it were, as a plane after taking off: the rhythmic action, too complex to be able to follow in detail, begins flying. This diffusion of individual structures into a different global structure is one of my basic compositional concepts: from the end of the fifties, from the orchestral works Apparitions and Atmospheres I continuously have been looking for new ways of resolving this basic question. The harmony of the first movement is based on mixtures, hence on the parallel leading of voices. This technique is used here in a rather simple form; later in the fourth movement it will be considerably developed. The second movement (the only slow one amongst five movements) also has a talea type of structure, it is however much simpler rhythmically, because it contains only one speed layer. The melody is consisted in the development of a rigorous interval mode in which two minor seconds and one major second alternate therefore nine notes inside an octave. This mode is transposed into different degrees and it also determines the harmony of the movement; however, in closing episode in the piano part there is a combination of diatonics (white keys) and pentatonics (black keys) led in brilliant, sparkling quasimixtures, while the orchestra continues to play in the nine tone mode. In this movement I used isolated sounds and extreme registers (piccolo in a very low register, bassoon in a very high register, canons played by the swanee whistle, the alto ocarina and brass with a harmon-mute' damper, cutting sound combinations of the piccolo, clarinet and oboe in an extremely high register, also alternating of a whistle-siren and xylophone). The third movement also has one speed layer and because of this it appears as simpler than the first, but actually the rhythm is very complicated in a different way here. Above the uninterrupted, fast and regular basic pulse, thanks to the asymmetric distribution of accents, different types of hemiolas and inherent melodical patterns appear (the term was coined by Gerhard Kubik in relation to central African music). If this movement is played with the adequate speed and with very clear accentuation, illusory rhythmic-melodical figures appear. These figures are not played directly; they do not appear in the score, but exist only in our perception as a result of co-operation of different voices. Already earlier I had experimented with illusory rhythmics, namely in Poeme symphonique for 100 metronomes (1962), in Continuum for harpsichord (1968), in Monument for two pianos (1976), and especially in the first and sixth piano etude Desordre and Automne a Varsovie (1985). The third movement of the Piano Concerto is up to now the clearest example of illusory rhythmics and illusory melody. In intervallic and chordal structure this movement is based on alternation, and also inter-relation of various modal and quasi-equidistant harmony spaces. The tempered twelve-part division of the octave allows for diatonical and other modal interval successions, which are not equidistant, but are based on the alternation of major and minor seconds in different groups. The tempered system also allows for the use of the anhemitonic pentatonic scale (the black keys of the piano). From equidistant scales, therefore interval formations which are based on the division of an octave in equal distances, the twelve-tone tempered system allows only chromatics (only minor seconds) and the six-tone scale (the whole-tone: only major seconds). Moreover, the division of the octave into four parts only minor thirds) and three parts (three major thirds) is possible. In several music cultures different equidistant divisions of an octave are accepted, for example, in the Javanese slendro into five parts, in Melanesia into seven parts, popular also in southeastern Asia, and apart from this, in southern Africa. This does not mean an exact equidistance: there is a certain tolerance for the inaccurateness of the interval tuning. These exotic for us, Europeans, harmony and melody have attracted me for several years. However I did not want to re-tune the piano (microtone deviations appear in the concerto only in a few places in the horn and trombone parts led in natural tones). After the period of experimenting, I got to pseudo- or quasiequidistant intervals, which is neither whole-tone nor chromatic: in the twelve-tone system, two whole-tone scales are possible, shifted a minor second apart from each other. Therefore, I connect these two scales (or sound resources), and for example, places occur where the melodies and figurations in the piano part are created from both whole tone scales; in one band one six-tone sound resource is utilized, and in the other hand, the complementary. In this way whole-tonality and chromaticism mutually reduce themselves: a type of deformed equidistancism is formed, strangely brilliant and at the same time slanting; illusory harmony, indeed being created inside the tempered twelve-tone system, but in sound quality not belonging to it anymore. The appearance of such slantedequidistant harmony fields alternating with modal fields and based on chords built on fifths (mainly in the piano part), complemented with mixtures built on fifths in the orchestra, gives this movement an individual, soft-metallic colour (a metallic sound resulting from harmonics). The fourth movement was meant to be the central movement of the Concerto. Its melodc-rhythmic elements (embryos or fragments of motives) in themselves are simple. The movement also begins simply, with a succession of overlapping of these elements in the mixture type structures. Also here a kaleidoscope is created, due to a limited number of these elements - of these pebbles in the kaleidoscope - which continuously return in augmentations and diminutions. Step by step, however, so that in the beginning we cannot hear it, a compiled rhythmic organization of the talea type gradually comes into daylight, based on the simultaneity of two mutually shifted to each other speed layers (also triplet and duoles, however, with different asymmetric structures than in the first movement). While longer rests are gradually filled in with motive fragments, we slowly come to the conclusion that we have found ourselves inside a rhythmic-melodical whirl: without change in tempo, only through increasing the density of the musical events, a rotation is created in the stream of successive and compiled, augmented and diminished motive fragments, and increasing the density suggests acceleration. Thanks to the periodical structure of the composition, always new but however of the same (all the motivic cells are similar to earlier ones but none of them are exactly repeated; the general structure is therefore self-similar), an impression is created of a gigantic, indissoluble network. Also, rhythmic structures at first hidden gradually begin to emerge, two independent speed layers with their various internal accentuations. This great, self-similar whirl in a very indirect way relates to musical associations, which came to my mind while watching the graphic projection of the mathematical sets of Julia and of Mandelbrot made with the help of a computer. I saw these wonderful pictures of fractal creations, made by scientists from Brema, Peitgen and Richter, for the first time in 1984. From that time they have played a great role in my musical concepts. This does not mean, however, that composing the fourth movement I used mathematical methods or iterative calculus; indeed, I did use constructions which, however, are not based on mathematical thinking, but are rather craftman's constructions (in this respect, my attitude towards mathematics is similar to that of the graphic artist Maurits Escher). I am concerned rather with intuitional, poetic, synesthetic correspondence, not on the scientific, but on the poetic level of thinking. The fifth, very short Presto movement is harmonically very simple, but all the more complicated in its rhythmic structure: it is based on the further development of ''inherent patterns of the third movement. The quasi-equidistance system dominates harmonically and melodically in this movement, as in the third, alternating with harmonic fields, which are based on the division of the chromatic whole into diatonics and anhemitonic pentatonics. Polyrhythms and harmonic mixtures reach their greatest density, and at the same time this movement is strikingly light, enlightened with very bright colours: at first it seems chaotic, but after listening to it for a few times it is easy to grasp its content: many autonomous but self-similar figures which crossing themselves. I present my artistic credo in the Piano Concerto: I demonstrate my independence from criteria of the traditional avantgarde, as well as the fashionable postmodernism. Musical illusions which I consider to be also so important are not a goal in itself for me, but a foundation for my aesthetical attitude. I prefer musical forms which have a more object-like than processual character. Music as frozen time, as an object in imaginary space evoked by music in our imagination, as a creation which really develops in time, but in imagination it exists simultaneously in all its moments. The spell of time, the enduring its passing by, closing it in a moment of the present is my main intention as a composer. (Gyorgy Ligeti).
